ID verification and help for several skipper species

[sabafish]

Dear Dr. Seow,

I have some skippers that I am trying to ID. Would appreciate your help to verify the IDs or correct them please. All taken in Singapore.

Thanks in advance!


1) Ancistroides nigrita; taken in Windsor Nature Park

27349

2) Pelopidas agna; taken in Bukit Brown

27350

3) Pelopidas mathias; taken in Bukit Brown

27351

4 Caltoris cormasa; taken in Upper Seletar Reservoir Park

27352

5) Pelopidas agna; taken in Telok Blangah Hill Park

27353

6) Telicota augias; taken in Upper Seletar Reservoir Park

27354

7) Potanthus omaha; taken in Upper Seletar Reservoir Park

27355

8) Oriens gola; taken in Upper Seletar Reservoir Park

27356

10) Oriens paragola;taken in Upper Seletar Reservoir Park

27357

11) Caltoris cormasa?; taken in Windsor Nature Park

27358

12) Cephrenes acalle; taken in Windsor Nature Park

27359

13) Caltoris philippina?; taken in Windsor Nature Park

27360

[Psyche]

1. Male Quedara monteithi.
Smaller, FW sharper. UnH uniformly dark brown; body darker.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Quedara%20monteithi%20monteithi/QMM_male_01.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Quedara%20monteithi%20monteithi/QMM_male_Federick_Ho_01.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2_4eZlKw3AE/T-J42CIpdOI/AAAAAAAAGLY/SAN_dWC2xBY/s1600/DSC1142+Quedara-monteithi+(male).jpg


Ancistroides nigrita.
Larger with more rounded wings ; Pale shading of the marginal zones.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Ancistroides%20nigrita%20maura/Chocolate%20Demon%20-%20Simon%20Sng.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qTKoccwi1GI/UtAiAer4FKI/AAAAAAAAbj4/NYLxhhTWeIA/s1600/CD_adult_Chng_01.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Ancistroides%20nigrita%20maura/247%20Ancistroides%20nigrita%20maura%20(Chocolate% 20Demon)%20Bobby%20Mun.jpg

[Psyche]

2. {elopidas agna male.

3. most likely male worn P. agna.

5. male Pelopidas mathias.


Pelopidas agna.
Underside uniformly brown with an even clean look.
Two males & a female.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Hw681ALm5FU/UFXjb_4D9qI/AAAAAAAAGl0/5g2mXz48cNs/s1600/DSC2521+Small+Branded+Swift+.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yFt6Y2FL2K0/Vk6sxIXhjII/AAAAAAAAkjk/BOTDjsR60wg/s1600/PA_male_06a.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7zXwSQZiZjw/Vk6snOvQSBI/AAAAAAAAkjc/FLIs7DHMunE/s1600/BengalSwiftF-KSK.jpg

Pelopidas mathias.
Underside with a grey tinge giving it an uneven shading & a dirty look.
One males & two females.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NQjrfm7_wKc/VLKJc4Ocs5I/AAAAAAAAf0o/TWF0cOhFUMI/s1600/SBS_adult_Benedict_01.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_G9mKyQf3mk/VLHqlXLgp5I/AAAAAAAAf0E/egesP_NY6ss/s1600/SBS_newly_eclosed_01.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Zld9bl5mdBo/VLKKIqUe-XI/AAAAAAAAf08/O8JvOpe6umE/s1600/SBS_adult_01.jpg

[Psyche]

4. Female Caltoris cormasa.


11. Most likely Female Caltoris bromus.


Caltoris cormasa.
UnH with a strong red brown tone, typically darker than FW.
Fw cell with one spot (thus full-stop) or two with the upper very small.
FW subapical spots 2- 3, female much more often three.
Two males ,one female.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-I3Q8EsOFIHI/VGQJs3DC9tI/AAAAAAAAfXk/VvOl7fB3Mx8/s1600/CC_adult_Benjamin_01.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TjKxWVHrQmg/VGbOal2gmXI/AAAAAAAAfZE/UXtIkUB2kE0/s1600/CC_adult_CherHern_01.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Caltoris%20cormasa/283%20Caltoris%20cormasa%20Bobby%20Mun.jpg


Caltoris bromus.
FW with 2 cellspoys; UnH deep with ochreous overlay.
FW subpical spot 2 -3 ,more often two.
Female sometimes with extra spots in HW space 2 & 3.
Two males & two females.
http://i13.photobucket.com/albums/a288/SunnyChir/Bin/Sunny-Chir-1D4-7107--25_08_2014_zpsd5aebfd1.png
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/60699155/large.jpg?1580634497
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/161034249/original.jpeg?1633184908
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/161034138/original.jpeg?1633184873
Female H. K.
http://woxiong.butterfly-photo.com/displayimage.php?pid=1261
Taiwan one male, two females.
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/caltoris-cahira-austeni.jpg
https://live.staticflickr.com/6177/6192507160_55dd7ab1ee_b.jpg
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTOJ45GzlIqczvVd58D7Hah4ZbtAPVQh gKvlg&usqp=CAU


Caltoris cahira.
UnH dark chocolate brown
FW subapical spots typically 2. FW 2 cellspots.
Male & 2 Females.
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/158318016/large.jpeg?1632034046
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7l1dr3n_gKc/UNkf7-O6cQI/AAAAAAAAIJg/leZVbtGOi8k/s1600/DFP+2252+Caltoris+bromus.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/161225118/large.jpeg?1633255477
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/161225112/large.jpeg?1633255473
Female Taiwan.
https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8170/7969810082_4448f3ce8b_z.jpg


Caltoris philippina.
FW without cellspot; UnH greenish ochreous brown Female paler.
Males.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dUpUIge8ARc/VVgQs0A2W2I/AAAAAAAAhcE/G5GhTdkiJzY/s1600/CP_adult_field_male_01.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/161034339/original.jpeg?1633184936


Caltoris malaya.
FW without cellspot. Subapical 1-2 spots often one large one small.
Male UnH rusty brown. Female more ochreous.
Two male one female.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-m1O18RS0-KI/VuQNc-vUBAI/AAAAAAAAlxU/K54dWi9wBgM08McCrCjGDcUCTKq14MWIQ/s1600/CM_adult_01.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/156660812/large.jpg?1631370906
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-j1Pq5mDimAQ/VuThEifYl8I/AAAAAAAAl1M/iSi-9t2_rTsyMSBLqhDX8PopR58PRdJ8A/s1600/CM_adult_06.jpg

[Psyche]

6. Telicota augias male.


7. Telicota besta female.


Potahtus always have a prominent spot 7 on the HW underside.
P. omaha. abdominal end yellow; veins dark dusted.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20omaha%20omaha/PM_adult_release_site_01.jpg



Telicota augias ;deeply orange in male.
Face & abdomen orange;
Male HW band poorly contrasted ;female with HW veins lightly dark dusted.
2 Males & 1 female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6Q/U6ZQMNh6IkI/AAAAAAAAOPs/KFaTN4_wis4/s1600/HFH_2956-Palm-Dart-(Telicota-augias-augias).jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6riT3uzrel0/VgoXg6gugdI/AAAAAAAABhk/BmQspbMAvkk/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_1.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-oeax9BCEjgI/VgoXgwcBG_I/AAAAAAAABhk/k60Yqt8YTVA/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_female.jpg



Telicota colon.
FW spots staggered out with small overlap between spot 3 & 4.
FW spots 4 & 5 often distorted, with deeply concave sides.
Two males & 1 female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Telicota%20colon%20stinga/Telicota-colon2-KSK.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iRfNeV5wQzA/UKzN8heYtNI/AAAAAAAAIoU/f3aJKVW5sQk/s1600/PalmDart-LemonTea.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-grsw9HIBWI4/VAxfuqQLhFI/AAAAAAAAQFU/ARBSsNRqbFI/s1600/HFH3772-Telicota%2Bcolon%2Bstinga.jpg



Telicota besta; duller.
HW band with veins weakly dark-dusted.
Only the face is paler.
Two males two females.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-EcRIOq2ivQ8/U1vGYbuSkoI/AAAAAAAAdOU/R4gYL-S-BfY/s1600/TB_adult_male_-04.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1rRXJdPYor8/U1t8nyeH4YI/AAAAAAAAdNo/oJS47AHDGVg/s1600/TB_newly_eclosed_male_01.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jNl8Waf_HV0/U1vGRX6qqcI/AAAAAAAAdOM/CiGHaWLO_cQ/s1600/TB_adult_female_03+(1).jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OEM0FaXJUEI/U1vGhhSB71I/AAAAAAAAdOk/ZsPEPPciXJU/s1600/TB_adult_female_01.jpg


Telicota linna.
UnH veins across band not darkdusted in both sexes.
Underparts of abdomen & face tends to be paler.
Two males & 1 female.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-79Gj7N-1GXc/Vz1Td5Ld2HI/AAAAAAAAmR4/95Ux0hx6rvQBix7nmXm2PYZenG8olIQ2wCLcB/s1600/TL_male_01.jpg
https://alchetron.com/cdn/telicota-608b9a01-d3cb-4d3a-9827-d591d3395e2-resize-750.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Telicota%20linna/TL_female_02.jpg



12. Cephrenes acalle . Veins distinctly black.

[Psyche]

8. Female Oriens gola.

10 male Oriens paragola. Correction; female Oriens gola.


Oriens gola.
FW with the brown spots adjacent to the orange band much reduced or obsolete in space 4 & 5 where the curvature of the orange band is greatest.
Two male ,two females.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/3edkz8CJVhB-SFBoJb-dk0FzwqUM9H7Yc2Yg9wJPcNgj5hHplmvvknx08ByzM6XkyPrpt 3cKI1h1gETLICuUEW463oLpSQbATRnGeQJsQ-u0BrxyWfjFzy-cuKo1kSC0cgfTxXNRoA623UG65rA9HUixDze3gMfOM2Jpqpk
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Oriens-gola.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_Lk9a1XdRwg/UnozAHEF_fI/AAAAAAAAafM/nKsTPMMcrYU/s1600/CD_adult_Caijin_01.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-g9JVWqIU_Kg/U-cbOQ1DE2I/AAAAAAAAMgU/OA1vA_XQC44/s1600/bcd3s-S180-CommonDartlet.jpg



Oriens paragola.
FW with the brown spots forming a regular band of uniform width just outside the orange band,
Two males, two females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Oriens%20paragola/Oriens%20paragola%20-%202%20-%20Sunny%20Chir.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-vRbAQotDvrI/TwGqyUEKBPI/AAAAAAAAMOI/5f4f-_jCrXg/s1600/MD_adult_04.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Oriens%20paragola/Oriens%20paragola%20-%201%20-%20Sunny%20Chir.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PM9bSjDGNG8/TwO2wlyNveI/AAAAAAAAMQU/6YWn1IaxePc/s1600/MD_mother_02.jpg

[Psyche]

13. Female Baoris.
There is a pale area at the HW cellend sometimes seen in the Baoris female.
Presumably Baoris farri
https://butterflycircle.blogspot.com/2015/08/life-history-of-bamboo-paintbrush-swift.html?m=0

It is assumed these paler forms are B. farri.

Very dark males are considered B. oceia.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Baoris%20oceia/Paintbrush-Swift---Khew.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Baoris%20oceia/Paintbrush-Swift---Simon-Sng.jpg

No females as dark as these males are seen.


Malting pair P. Malaysia.
Male left , Female right.
Presumably B. farri.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qamQjeKIkjA/UtpjK4q1edI/AAAAAAAAMqs/0qbzTbZ41Pc/s1600/DSC_0273.JPG


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Psyche]

Correction: 10. Oriens gola female. Wear seems to have enhanced the brown spots.

In O. paragola the the veins are never so stronly pale. dividing the brown band into separate spots.
The HW band is always broad at the bottom (lowest spot wide) & the top arched.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PM9bSjDGNG8/TwO2wlyNveI/AAAAAAAAMQU/6YWn1IaxePc/s1600/MD_mother_02.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-vRbAQotDvrI/TwGqyUEKBPI/AAAAAAAAMOI/5f4f-_jCrXg/s1600/MD_adult_04.jpg


In Oriens gola, the FW brown band is strongly interrupted by the pale veins.
The HW band is wide & flat at the top with a knob, & much narrower at the bottom.
https://content.eol.org/data/media/28/c6/2e/18.https___www_inaturalist_org_photos_1145125.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-g9JVWqIU_Kg/U-cbOQ1DE2I/AAAAAAAAMgU/OA1vA_XQC44/s1600/bcd3s-S180-CommonDartlet.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr. Seow for the detailed breakdown and explanations!