Skippers ID clarification in Singapore

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Appreciate if you could help me verify my IDs for the following skippers.


1a. Potanthus omaha

27442

1b. Potanthus omaha

27444

2a. Borbo cinnara

27441

2b. Borbo cinnara

27445

3. Telicota besta

2743927440

4. I am unable to get further than Telicota sp.

27443

Thank you!

[Psyche]

1a. Should be correct as P. omaha.

1b Probably P. ganda variant.
Confirmation: Male P. ganda. Note HW marginal zone not crossed by significantly darken veins as in P. omaha.


The typical forms of both species are identifiable but intermediates & crosses exist.

P. omaha. Dull ochreous, veins more distinctly dark dusted.
https://i1097.photobucket.com/albums/g346/kingcrow28/RIMG26722.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20omaha%20omaha/272%20Potanthus%20omaha%20omaha%20(Lesser%20Dart)% 20Bobby%20Mun.jpg
https://a4.pbase.com/g4/25/686825/2/139561421.Buz1tBHC.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20omaha%20omaha/PM_adult_release_site_01.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potanthus_omaha#/media/File:Lesser_Dart_Potanthus_omaha_omaha._DSCF6561_( 14)._Singapore.JPG
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4O8gFkmT2tE/T1DaDWvgDgI/AAAAAAAAFik/dPkrYuyc0QI/s400/DSC4524-Potanthus%2Bganda%2B%2528TBC%2529.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/129541000/original.jpeg



P. ganda. More orangey ;Veins typically not dark dusted , generally heavier shading.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/165829200/original.jpeg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-r1T4ajMPuVQ/Wmfi2GgfpLI/AAAAAAAAOkY/jv666Pzc-P4hAR9LfytxbX4u--_eoqFnwCLcBGAs/s1600/Potanthus%2Bganda%2B%2528Ganda%2BDart%2529%2B%2528 6%2529.jpg
https://farm2.staticflickr.com/1337/1049156520_ac5c42d89d.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ht4NZzQNDAw/Wcuga8PmFPI/AAAAAAAAr-w/cySTrPvk6d0M71ZMAUNioKiQC9ZGpCr-wCLcBGAs/s1600/Potanthus_ganda_cat3of4_underside.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dEQvLGTcjCc/WckUTBk8QEI/AAAAAAAAr5Q/MVSCKrhLkEA0bSNn8QwZFrjyKvYN7-c-ACLcBGAs/s1600/PM_adult_BTVC_01.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/142343997/original.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/145552965/original.jpg

Intermediate . More lightly P. ganda.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-L3ew9ztkIks/U5JqPz8aSgI/AAAAAAAAOKw/Qh7FzPC3VHg/s1600/HFH_2474-Potanthus-ganda.jpg

[Psyche]

2a Pelopidas agna.


2b. Borbo cinnara.

In Pelopidas occassionally the HW cellspot may be lost or obscure.


Pelopidas agna.
Pelopidas have longer antennae, w2ith narrower club.
FW 3 subapical spots less arcuate .
P. agna more uniformly brown
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Hw681ALm5FU/UFXjb_4D9qI/AAAAAAAAGl0/5g2mXz48cNs/s1600/DSC2521+Small+Branded+Swift+.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/---kNw2cMzXk/Vk6sG-yQ4pI/AAAAAAAAkis/_D9yI2uoj9Y/s1600/PA_male_05a.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tQNuynda7-c/Vk6to9P81eI/AAAAAAAAkj4/aNtww6l2YUM/s1600/PA_male_06b.jpg


P. mathias have greyer & 'dirty' ground colour.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NQjrfm7_wKc/VLKJc4Ocs5I/AAAAAAAAf0o/TWF0cOhFUMI/s1600/SBS_adult_Benedict_01.jpg


Borbo cinnara.
Shorter antennae with thicker, stubbier clubs.
Subapical spots more arcuate.
HW typically three spots , spots 2, 3, & 6.
Ground tinged green, face & chest whiter.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jMZu5Yy4Yg0/U5srGBECJPI/AAAAAAAAduM/h_NUjDNPj3M/s1600/FS_adult_Federick_01.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Borbo%20cinnara%20cinnara/FS_adult_female_01.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KaVjdL_FAME/U152N_2DObI/AAAAAAAAdUc/5BJKeJq6wCY/s1600/FS_adult_Khew_01.jpg

[Psyche]

3. Telicota besta male.


4. Telicota besta female.


Telicota besta. FW spots 4 & 5 more or less aligned.
Only the face paler.
Male with raised veins usually lightly dark dusted.
Male brand set nearer inner margin of black space ,where the triangular orang patch is.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6-BjVfqOIQ0/U1vGug7ph3I/AAAAAAAAdO0/Emv5HEJEs0M/s1600/TB_adult_male_up_01.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-EcRIOq2ivQ8/U1vGYbuSkoI/AAAAAAAAdOU/R4gYL-S-BfY/s1600/TB_adult_male_-04.jpg

Female.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OEM0FaXJUEI/U1vGhhSB71I/AAAAAAAAdOk/ZsPEPPciXJU/s1600/TB_adult_female_01.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GqK3ID-7Mlk/VIL1VCRkusI/AAAAAAAAQpM/ubrQHPG6-B4/s1600/HFH_5986-Telicota%2Bbesta%2Bbina.jpg



Female of T. colon similar but spots 4 & 5 small, distorted & staggered out.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-grsw9HIBWI4/VAxfuqQLhFI/AAAAAAAAQFU/ARBSsNRqbFI/s1600/HFH3772-Telicota%2Bcolon%2Bstinga.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/51404796/original.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/7835506/original.jpg




TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr Seow for the explanations!

Would this then by P. omaha?

Would you consider the veins in this photo to be dark dusted?

27450

Thanks!

[Psyche]

Yes. I would say they are P. omaha.
At least the HW veins continue as dark dusted crossing the marginal zone, to the margin.
Ideally the upperside HW would be available for confirmation.
Perhaps some gene introgression (hybrid element) in the male.
The female is more obvious comparing with typical P. ganda females.
P. ganda.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7ap54Ani6S0/UhhSDPG8H_I/AAAAAAAALxM/uITq3MqCC6A/s1600/HFH7170-Potanthus-sp.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-e_HuBihng50/WckVphdNd-I/AAAAAAAAr5o/X4aSyt94VVU8H5wN5zLXWxNb5Evj-LKtgCLcBGAs/s1600/Potanthus_ganda_cat4of4_underside.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20ganda/GandaDart_Adult_02.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Ok thanks for clarifying Dr Seow.

Apologies for adding on but two more skippers for verification please.

Could this be Erionota thrax based on the almost straight termen and acute forewing apex?

27454

Also, is the following sufficient to ID it to Astictopterus jama?

27455

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 7.

1. Female Erionota acroleuca apicalis.

E. acroleuca is by far the commonest species in Singapore as its larva feeds on various palms while that of E. thrax & torus feed on Banana which would be a rare plant in Singapore.


E. acroleuca. Smaller than the other two. FW 25/27 mm.
Male antennal club wholly white above; female about half white.
FW margin straight.
HW patch constricted/narrowed in the upper half.
Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Erionota%20hiraca%20apicalis/Erionota%20hiraca%20apicalis%20(The%20White%20Tipp ed%20Skipper)%20...%20Sunny%20Chir.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Erionota%20thrax%20thrax/Banana%20Skipper%20-%20Fedrick%20Ho.jpg
Females.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oGOIfwCnqFo/Voi16-GCzAI/AAAAAAAAlLE/5t1j1UrhHe0/s1600/WTBS_female_01.jpg
https://ftp.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/hesperioidea/hesperiidae/hesperiinae/erionota/torus-2fv.jpg



E. thrax. large FW 31/37 mm.
Male with antennal club 2/3 - 3/4 white; Female about half white.
FW margin straight.
HW patch more or less uniformly wide.
Males.
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/6a0100a801ee89000e0123de0f3c25860d.jpg
http://www.farelli.info/pages_books/butterflies/hesperidae/erionota_thrax.htm
Females.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Erionota_thrax1.jpg/640px-Erionota_thrax1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/media_images/ErionotaThrax/01ErionotaThrax_KrushnameghKunte_ag436.jpg



E. torus Large FW 30/36 mm.
Male antennal club 2/3- 3/4 white; female about half white.
FW margin convex.
HW patch broad throughout.
Male.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/24231599/original.jpg
Females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Erionota%20torus/Sunny-Chir---EOS-1D-Mark-III--20_01_2012--0882.jpg
https://alchetron.com/cdn/erionota-torus-b39251a2-27b5-41f7-a6e0-f14e99c00ff-resize-750.jpeg

On the continent E. torus have more rounded FW eg India.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erionota_torus#/media/File:Erionota_torus-Kadavoor-2016-06-10-001.jpg




2. Astictopterus jama.
Note winhgshape & prominent bulging palpi (labial palps).
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Astictopterus%20jama%20jama/Forest%20Hopper%20-%20khew%20-%203.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Astictopterus%20jama%20jama/Forest%20Hopper%20-%20khew%20-%201.jpg



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr Seow!

And yes i did not notice any bananas where I found the Erionota :bsmile:

[sabafish]

Can I add on this species.

Could this be Potanthus serina?

2745827459

Thanks in advance!

[Psyche]

Post 10.

Female Telicota besta. Very worn.

All Potanthus have on the HW underside a large rectangular in space 7 ie spot 7, that is lacking in Telicota.
Potanthus serina male & female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20serina/Potanthus-serina-KSK.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/_rzo8wjfyCsM/SvGpiRQbRAI/AAAAAAAAEZo/o2cal7Ek3g8/s1600/PHS_adult_female_c.jpg


Female T. besta Underside HW veins dark dusted; FW upperside with one long & one short cellend bars.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OEM0FaXJUEI/U1vGhhSB71I/AAAAAAAAdOk/ZsPEPPciXJU/s1600/TB_adult_female_01.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-P5w37zUj7Bo/U1vGmLYjGiI/AAAAAAAAdOs/OuhLXLLVMTg/s1600/TB_adult_female_up_01.jpg

Female T. linna Underside HW veins not dark dusted; Upperside FW with two short cellend bars.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Telicota%20linna/TL_female_02.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Telicota%20linna/TL_female_up_01.jpg


The underside have the HW veins dark dusted; 2nd pic show one of the long cellend bar.


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

I would like to seek confirmation that the following are Pelopidas mathias?

I based it on the paler wing margins on the right individual and the general more grey-ish appearance.

Thank you.


27465

[Psyche]

Post 12.

These are typicak Pelopidas mathias, the male on the right is more strongly grey-tinged.
The grey gives P. mathias a dirty look.

P. agna.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/117465328/large.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/95667802/large.jpeg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr. Seow. I would like to add on a few more species to ID. All taken on Pulau Ubin, Singapore.

1. Baoris sp.?

27468

2. Telicota colon?

27469

3. Taractrocera archias?

27470

4. Caltoris cormasa?

27471

5. Baoris sp.

27472

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 14.

1, Caltoris cormasa male.
There is a pale area on the antenna; UnH with rusty scaling ; Subapical spots often 3, & yellowish.
Male & female.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TjKxWVHrQmg/VGbOal2gmXI/AAAAAAAAfZE/UXtIkUB2kE0/s1600/CC_adult_CherHern_01.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Caltoris%20cormasa/283%20Caltoris%20cormasa%20Bobby%20Mun.jpg

Similar. C. bromus; More uniform brown; subapical spots often 2, & white.
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTKtnMvPEm4ljIUnbsM74JDDbMMbdbkL jBFQg&usqp=CAU


2. Cephrenes acalle male.
All veins are strongly black; band edged with sharp spots.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_rzo8wjfyCsM/SyhisNkxX9I/AAAAAAAAEpw/Xa-8uqUt7tM/s400/CA_Khew_male_01_c.jpg


3. Taractrocera archias male.
Note HW band in an arc; no spot 7 ;antenna with rounded club.


4. Isma male probably Isma protoclea; Correction: Hyarotis microstictum.
Note white spot on antennal club.
Two similar species recorded in Singapore.

Isma iapis; UnH with ochreous scalings.
https://a4.pbase.com/o2/25/686825/1/132544830.SZ7JZXwf._LC86858x.jpg

Isma protoclea ;UnH with a purple wash.
https://farm1.staticflickr.com/942/29711526918_fef1fd3572_c.jpg


5. Polytremis lubricans male. HW with a single spot. Correction : Probably female Caltoris bromus.
Underside with a coarse scaling look. Antenna no defined pale area, tip bent.
Male more brownish; female more ochreous. FW spots yellowish.
UnH spots varies obsolete to a few.
Male
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Polytremis-lubricans.jpg
Female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0cUzxS0FpT8/T1tgyU4WJrI/AAAAAAAAFjg/TiwxZzRsxec/s1600/DSC4674%2BContiguous%2BSwift.jpg



TL Seow: Cheers.

[Psyche]

Correction.

4. Hyarotis microsticta (= microstictum).

Very similar to Isma protoclea but underside with diffuse brown fasciae & sometimes small white dots . Recorded Singapore 2015.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xx0c7UDlK3s/VNgKYBRo73I/AAAAAAAAT8E/UMHEMy-KR8Q/s1600/DSC_0254.JPG



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr. Seow!

Posting this on behalf of my friend. Could this be Caltoris malaya?

27480

[Psyche]

Post 17.

Female Polytremis lubricans.
The HW have a hyaline spot in space 4 & a small white spot in space 5.


Polytremis lubricans.
Antennal shaft is paler, greyish, the club is black & the apiculus (tip) bent, with a bit of orange ( not always visible)
2 males & female.
https://images-wixmp-ed30a86b8c4ca887773594c2.wixmp.com/f/5cb77cac-13f5-4143-a7f2-17dfeebe596e/d1ngduo-bc8faf6c-5cc1-401e-afad-e02ff80aa1dc.jpg?token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJ IUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ1cm46YXBwOjdlMGQxODg5ODIyNjQz NzNhNWYwZDQxNWVhMGQyNmUwIiwiaXNzIjoidXJuOmFwcDo3ZT BkMTg4OTgyMjY0MzczYTVmMGQ0MTVlYTBkMjZlMCIsIm9iaiI6 W1t7InBhdGgiOiJcL2ZcLzVjYjc3Y2FjLTEzZjUtNDE0My1hN2 YyLTE3ZGZlZWJlNTk2ZVwvZDFuZ2R1by1iYzhmYWY2Yy01Y2Mx LTQwMWUtYWZhZC1lMDJmZjgwYWExZGMuanBnIn1dXSwiYXVkIj pbInVybjpzZXJ2aWNlOmZpbGUuZG93bmxvYWQiXX0.2_aizU3n 0z-J-905gSneiN45kc8GOzXJ7JToGG8_u1g
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Polytremis-lubricans.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vh2gdbi3kh8/WJcH5iWRZwI/AAAAAAAAccw/NR4s0zjGCmgI0qmFi0qxN4R85am_Rd7-QCLcB/s1600/DSC_2073.JPG


Caltoris malaya.
Antennal shaft & club black with just a slight pale area below the club.
No FW cellspot or HW spot.
Male more rusty brown female more ochreous.
Males.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-m1O18RS0-KI/VuQNc-vUBAI/AAAAAAAAlxU/K54dWi9wBgM08McCrCjGDcUCTKq14MWIQ/s1600/CM_adult_01.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sEtiy2_aXPw/VuQNuFHClTI/AAAAAAAAlxk/1ZAVSaa3sNULjITw5j0yRqTJiYlDXDGVg/s1600/CM_adult_02.jpg
Female.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZFArQYADXcU/XRTh8cY2wfI/AAAAAAAAWfI/MKsbxn_kYDkaNaUVmUMQO2kWm5c60_88QCLcBGAs/s1600/CM_adult_04.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Psyche]

Correction.

Post 14. no. 5.
Probably Caltoris bromus female.
The antenna do not match that of Polytremis lubricans.
Male P. lubricans in the same posture for comparison.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/176264815/large.jpeg


Female Caltoris bromus often have a spot in HW space 2 & 3 ,sometimes one in space 2.
Caltoris bromus Taiwan male & female.
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTKtnMvPEm4ljIUnbsM74JDDbMMbdbkL jBFQg&usqp=CAU
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTOJ45GzlIqczvVd58D7Hah4ZbtAPVQh gKvlg&usqp=CAU


There appear to be a single hyaline spot in HW space 2. seen only in C. bromus female here.

Baoris lack the ochreous overscaling & the antenna is mostly black.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/itchydogimages/7863317448
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-x-06hY8OEZs/VdHfToCVpHI/AAAAAAAAjXg/8Y0EWmOuY3k/s1600/Baoris_farri_Cher_Hern_01.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Would like to add on a couple more skippers for ID.

1) Caltoris sp.? but I do not see pale area on the antennae.

27481

2) Antennae largely black, could this be Baoris sp.?

27482

3)

27483 27484

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 20.

Three Caltoris in Singaporehave noticeable pale areas on the antenna.

1 Caltoris cormasa.
Female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-e5eI1WB1sEk/VJQs5lc8-FI/AAAAAAAASlg/gnfK_8LmeQw/s1600/DSC_0349.JPG

2. Caltoris cahira
Male.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/gancw1/21680122591

3. Caltoris bromus.
Female.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/irrubescens/15883531899


Two species have the antenna largely blackish.

4. Caltoris malaya
male.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-m1O18RS0-KI/VuQNc-vUBAI/AAAAAAAAlxU/K54dWi9wBgM08McCrCjGDcUCTKq14MWIQ/s1600/CM_adult_01.jpg

5. Caltoris philippina
male.
https://i13.photobucket.com/albums/a288/SunnyChir/Sunny-Chir-4237-11_zpsf449dfdc.jpg



1. The FW is raised high enough to indicate no upper cellspot & so by deduction no cellspot at all.
The individual is rather worn & faded.
The lack of cellspot inicate Caltoris malaya.


3 Caltoris malaya female.
The 2nd pic shows the upperside with no FW cellspot.
The female is typically mote ochreous ie yellower.


Post 14 no 5 looks very much like C. malaya & is probably so.
The HW spot in space 2 may be just an artifact, & not a real spot marking.




2. Baoris probably Baoris farri.

Baoris have a longer swept FW with a sinuous margin.
The antenna appear largely black in side view.
The abdomen is obscurely banded.

It is simply assumed the darker one is B. oceia & the lighter brown one B. farri.


Supposedly B. oceia male & female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Baoris%20oceia/Paintbrush-Swift---Simon-Sng.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0rwJjrQ_JS8/UtvUmPecUgI/AAAAAAAANUo/_eleBd9rZ4Y/s1600/HFH_0894+female+of+Baoris+oceia.jpg


Supposedly B. farri male.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-coCDQigOVqg/VdHfb7P4WkI/AAAAAAAAjXw/CfrV8hC08U8/s1600/Baoris_farri_adult_01.jpg

This female from Vietnam is correct as B. oceia does occur in Vietnam.
http://butterfliesvietnam.blogspot.com/2016/08/218-baoris-farri-bamboo-paintbrush-swift.html



TL Seow:Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Could this be a Potanthus trachala?

27489

[Psyche]

Post 22.
Yes it is P. trachala.

Species in which the abdominal end is black-banded.

P. trachala FW 15mm.
FW spots 4 & 5 more or less detached.
UnF spots 4 & 5 connected only by spikes.
UnH band upper spot (4+5) strongly projected out.
Male.
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSCc4S6C7IpVf8-CGw8wRKqUTIdemeu3g-FL-yOvuzHSreAusJbIcP16y0zES0T9mTpjvc&usqp=CAU
https://i.pinimg.com/736x/8c/bd/70/8cbd702e535779b37521f7b0db7b591d.jpg

P. serina large FW 17mm.
FW spot 5 smaller than spot 4; HW with a small spot 6 on inner corner of band.
Underside lightly dark shaded.
Male & female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20serina/Potanthus-serina-Bobby.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20serina/PS_female_Horace.jpg


P. mingo small FW 12mm.
FW spots with variable overlaps.
UnH with heavier dark shading spots edging the HW band.
Male 7 female.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iop_f9JevUk/WGddN-acVSI/AAAAAAAAQQg/yg3McZcX858Tj9u8AYJQMMBizvGA4YS_wCLcB/s1600/MingoDart-JonS.jpg
https://www.dnp.go.th/FOREMIC/NForemic/Caterpillars%20Food/Philips%20pet%20Caterpillar/img27%20march%2055/Hesperiidae/butt/Sub%20Hesperiinae/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B 9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99% E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8 %96%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B 9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99% E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8 %96%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%2 0Potanthus%20mingo%20(6).JPG


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Does these 2 photos show Caltoris philippina?

2749327494

Largely blackish antennae, does not seem to have cell spots on the forewing, greenish tinge on its head and underside?

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 24.

Yes. It is a Caltoris philippina.
Male.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PKpJ0RdKM-g/VVgQ0Ur9lwI/AAAAAAAAhcM/YslMd-rnvOg/s1600/Caltoris-philippina-philippina--Sunny-Chir-4237.png


TL Seow; Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Here with another skipper.

Could this be Pelopidas assamensis? It was way larger than the typical P. mathias or P. agna.

27525

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 26.

Female Pelopidas agna.

P. mathias FW 16 -18 mm
Underside with darkish, grey or uneven shading.
Female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20mathias%20mathias/Small%20Branded%20Swift%20-%202%20-%20Sum%20Chee%20Ming.jpg


P. agna, FW 17 -20 mm.
Underside more uniform medium brown.
Female.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/gancw1/22195353146


P. conjunctus ;FW 21 -24mm.
Underside darkish brown; FW spots yellow; HW spots white.
Female.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Pelopidas-conjunctus.jpg


P. assamensis Very large FW 25 -27 mm.
Antenna with a broad white band; Underside all spots white, very large on FW, very variable on HW.
Male.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20assamensis/Great%20Swift%20-%20Tan%20Ben%20Jin.jpg
Females.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/media_images/2019/93_48246-194-5dd8a9a053587-2.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Pelopidas-assamensis.jpg
https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/fauna/1/1/1104


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Are these photos enough to ID this as Telicota colon?

275262752727528

Thank you!

[Psyche]

POst 28.

Of the Telicota species T. colon is the easiest to identify.

Male upperside.
FW spots 4 & 5 distorted & staggered out, ie spot 5 is set farther out than spot 4.
Long veinstripes.
Male brnad palced close to the inner margin of the black space.
Always a patch of orange at the base of space 2.
Underside FW clearly shows spots 4 & 5 staggered out & distorted.
Males.
https://i.pinimg.com/600x315/9c/a1/c2/9ca1c23b4718a7a6d2d82f16fa66c7d5.jpg
https://alchetron.com/cdn/telicota-colon-bd28046c-daac-453f-bb1b-744d711e2cc-resize-750.jpeg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Telicota-colon-1080x675.jpg


Female.
Spots 4v& 5staggered & not in line as in the male.
FW cellend bars the upper one much longer.
Female always lack the orange patch at the base of space 2.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/mushimizu/7267565772
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-grsw9HIBWI4/VAxfuqQLhFI/AAAAAAAAQFU/ARBSsNRqbFI/s1600/HFH3772-Telicota%2Bcolon%2Bstinga.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oK76RoQgG7U/Vi6iI06JxYI/AAAAAAAAHIU/MFkKuLjjSLs/s1600/023.jpg




TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Here with a new set of skippers from a friend. I am trying my hand at ID-ing them, so would appreciate your assistance to confirm or correct my preliminary IDs.

Thank you!


1. Pelopidas mathias? Ground colour looks unevenly shaded.

27570

2. Pelopidas agna? This on the other hand looks pretty even.

27571

3a. Caltoris cormasa?

27572

3b. Caltoris cormasa?

27573

3c. Caltoris cormasa?

27574

3d. Pale region of the antenna made me think Caltoris, so perhapsCaltoris cormasa?

27575

3e. Caltoris cormasa?

27576

3f. Caltoris cormasa?

27577

4. No pale region on antennae, more ochreous UNH so could be C. malaya?

27578

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 30.

1 is undoubtedly Pelopidas mathias.


2 is too worn, perhaps correct as P. agna.


P. mathias Darker, greyer ,unevenly shaded; FW cilia darker.
All Singapore examples.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NQjrfm7_wKc/VLKJc4Ocs5I/AAAAAAAAf0o/TWF0cOhFUMI/s1600/SBS_adult_Benedict_01.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/budak/51631121777
http://www.natureloveyou.sg/Minibeast-Butterfly/Skipper_Pelopidas%20mathias%20mathias/DSC09205%20(15).JPG
Female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20mathias%20mathias/Small%20Branded%20Swift%20-%202%20-%20Sum%20Chee%20Ming.jpg


P. agna. more uniformly brown, neater.; FW cilia lighter.
All Singapore examples.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Hw681ALm5FU/UFXjb_4D9qI/AAAAAAAAGl0/5g2mXz48cNs/s1600/DSC2521+Small+Branded+Swift+.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tQNuynda7-c/Vk6to9P81eI/AAAAAAAAkj4/aNtww6l2YUM/s1600/PA_male_06b.jpg
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQBjQeRpdnxFbOqbJhVGQKxbbqG5xiet 5eFKg&usqp=CAU
Female.
https://live.staticflickr.com/579/22195353146_02f00c7df8_b.jpg

[Psyche]

3a Likely Caltoris malaya male.

The pale area on the antenna is prominent in C. cormasa, bromus & cahira, but less so in C. malaya, & even less so in C. philippina.
However the feature may be variable dependant of the flash or shot angle.

Here the FW is raised high enough to show no upper cellspot.


C. malaya. No cellspot Underside rusty brown in male, more ochreous in female.
All Singapore examples.
Males
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-m1O18RS0-KI/VuQNc-vUBAI/AAAAAAAAlxU/K54dWi9wBgM08McCrCjGDcUCTKq14MWIQ/s1600/CM_adult_01.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/156660812/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/175617650/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/175617341/large.jpeg
female.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZFArQYADXcU/XRTh8cY2wfI/AAAAAAAAWfI/MKsbxn_kYDkaNaUVmUMQO2kWm5c60_88QCLcBGAs/s1600/CM_adult_04.jpg


Caltoris bromus. More often with 2 large subapical spots rather than 3.
FW almost always with two cellspot.
Underside dark brown overlaid with ochreous scalings.
Female almost always with 1 - 2 underside HW spots.
All Singapore examples.
https://i13.photobucket.com/albums/a288/SunnyChir/Bin/Sunny-Chir-1D4-7107--25_08_2014_zpsd5aebfd1.png
https://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d156/Schir/Share/Sunny-Chir-1D3--28_07_2012---7140.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/38212403
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/152835527/large.jpg
Females.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/63542716/large.jpg (too red)
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/60633072/large.jpg (too red).

https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/142911504/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/142911513/large.jpeg

Actual colour Female C. bromus Taiwan.
https://c1.staticflickr.com/7/6021/6191990971_d7f055cc62_z.jpg

[Psyche]

3b Caltoris cormasa.female. Too much grey rendition as seen in the background colour.


C. cormasa.
FW with only lower cellspot, but often an upper small cellspot also present; more often 3 subapical spots ,spots yellowish.
Underside HW darker & redder than FW.
Males.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-todEFNke3BQ/VDFzNJu8OqI/AAAAAAAAfNk/uPMm6tvEcLg/s1600/CC_adult_02.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TjKxWVHrQmg/VGbOal2gmXI/AAAAAAAAfZE/UXtIkUB2kE0/s1600/CC_adult_CherHern_01.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/176375318/large.jpg
female.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dg1jseJPJ2g/VMOMMYRta1I/AAAAAAAATvM/76OWCJaA7Yc/s1600/DSC_0115.JPG
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/149345489/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/105977680/original.jpg

[Psyche]

http://www.butterflycircle.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=27574&d=1651976343
http://www.butterflycircle.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=27575&d=1651976376


3c Baoris ? oceia female. ;subapical & discal spots small.

3d Baoris ? oceia male.; subapical & discal spots small.



3c. FW with 2 equal cellspots ;antenna shaft blackish.
3d. FW upper cellspot crescentic. Pale area on antenna small.


Baoris species .
FW spots often much reduced in the male.
Antennal pale area very small, usually invisible.
HW veins always raised, prominent.( Not unique to Baoris .)
Male in Singapore have upper cellspot crescent/streak.
B. oceia presumably blackish.
B. farri presumably brown.


Baoris farri; more often with complete spots, in female always.
Male India with reduced spot ( B. oceia is absent in India).
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Baoris_farri#/media/File:Close_wing_basking_of_Baoris_farri_(Moore,_18 78)_%E2%80%93_Complete_Paint-brush_Swift_(Male)_WLB_DSC_6157.jpg
female.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/03BaorisFarri_RohitGirotra_ad839_0.jpg
http://butterfliesvietnam.blogspot.com/2016/08/218-baoris-farri-bamboo-paintbrush-swift.html

Singapore.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-W2EAN-yRdos/VdHfW-jqtVI/AAAAAAAAjXo/aRZeJtDscpI/s1600/Baoris_farri_adult_02.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EtcxesbOyIk/VdHf7WDSv0I/AAAAAAAAjYY/IRs74NSEqSo/s1600/Baoris_farri_newly_eclosed_01.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JViKD90RJO0/VdHffo_UGtI/AAAAAAAAjX4/Ki5n5UJ_yeI/s1600/Baoris_sp_02.jpg


Baoris oceia; Spots often more reduced in the male; generally darker.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Baoris%20oceia/Paintbrush-Swift---Khew.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zofygsdg7GM/UtvU6laFe0I/AAAAAAAANUw/PukGtDMyHYo/s1600/HFH_0945+female+of+Baoris+oceia.jpg

[Psyche]

http://www.butterflycircle.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=27577&d=1651976810
http://www.butterflycircle.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=27577&d=1651976810

3e. Caltoris cormasa male.
3f. Probably Caltoris cormasa female. Too much grey,note ground colour. 3 subapical spots.

[Psyche]

http://www.butterflycircle.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=27578&d=1651976878


4. Polytremis lubricans female.


Antenna without pale area tip partlydull orange, partly white.
Underaise coarsely mottled/speckled. HW spots may be obscure.
FW spots always deeper yellow than Caltoris.
Male.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UWuFuyBF67o/Utnjj9lwCOI/AAAAAAAANUY/j_Y5qTcB2pg/s1600/HFH_0908+Polytremis-lubricans+lubricans.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/155010380@N05/43383536271
Female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0cUzxS0FpT8/T1tgyU4WJrI/AAAAAAAAFjg/TiwxZzRsxec/s1600/DSC4674%2BContiguous%2BSwift.jpg




TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr Seow!

Adding on 2 more skippers for ID.

1. I am thinking Baoris? FW cellspots seemed to be equally sized but subapical and discal spots are not reduced? Hence I am stuck.

2757927580

2. Telicota sp. but unable to go further. Perhaps T. besta?

27581

Thank you.

[Psyche]

Post 37.

1. Female Baoris farri.
B. farri is oftern fully spotted especially in the female whre all spots are large.
Baoris often HW veins raised, pale patch at HW cellend; abdomen often banded.
Females.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EtcxesbOyIk/VdHf7WDSv0I/AAAAAAAAjYY/IRs74NSEqSo/s1600/Baoris_farri_newly_eclosed_01.jpg
http://butterfliesvietnam.blogspot.com/2016/08/218-baoris-farri-bamboo-paintbrush-swift.html



2. Female Telicota besta .


T. colon; FW spots 4 & 5 often distorted ,staggered (not in line) UnH veins lightly dark.
Male & female.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Telicota-colon-1080x675.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-grsw9HIBWI4/VAxfuqQLhFI/AAAAAAAAQFU/ARBSsNRqbFI/s1600/HFH3772-Telicota%2Bcolon%2Bstinga.jpg

T. besta UnH veins raised, lightly dark-dusted in both sexes; FW spots 4 & 5 in line.
Male & female.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LFTJK1e_eF4/VhmfBaBmxeI/AAAAAAAAW3I/Kl3VHYgnHGE/s1600/DSC_0409-001.JPG
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jNl8Waf_HV0/U1vGRX6qqcI/AAAAAAAAdOM/CiGHaWLO_cQ/s1600/TB_adult_female_03+(1).jpg


T.linna; UnH veins not dark-dusted in both sexes; ground colour duskier; face & underparts pale.
Male & female.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-79Gj7N-1GXc/Vz1Td5Ld2HI/AAAAAAAAmR4/95Ux0hx6rvQBix7nmXm2PYZenG8olIQ2wCLcB/s1600/TL_male_01.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pxufm6yxwJY/Vz1Ts1TFzdI/AAAAAAAAmSA/3i5nnLNhN_04ab0tBl_oAsFTUb_tq3E8QCLcB/s1600/TL_male_02.jpg


T. augias Male uniformly deep orange ,UnH veins not darken; female lighter, UnH veins darker.
Male & female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6Q/U6ZQMNh6IkI/AAAAAAAAOPs/KFaTN4_wis4/s1600/HFH_2956-Palm-Dart-(Telicota-augias-augias).jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-oeax9BCEjgI/VgoXgwcBG_I/AAAAAAAABhk/k60Yqt8YTVA/s400/Telicota%2Baugias_female.jpg




TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr. Seow.

Can I check if this is Baoris oceia?

27583

[Psyche]

Post 39.
Male Caltoris cormasa.

There is a pale area on the antenna.
HW without raised veins.
Thoracic hairs reddish brown as UnH.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/176375318/large.jpg

Baoris oceia.Males
Antennae mostly black.
HW with raised veins , no reddish tone.
Thorax mostly dark grey brown.
Male oceia have spots much reduced.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/75417899@N02/49909185968
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Baoris%20oceia/Paintbrush-Swift---Simon-Sng.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr. Seow!


Could I check if this is Caltoris cormasa then? Sorry for the bad photo.
Doesn't look like HW veins are raised; pale area on antennae; general appearance with some red.
Do the purple patches beneath the scales on the HW helps in the identification?

27595

Not a skipper but a rather worn out Lycaenid.
I saw it trying to oviposit so its a female and the upper wings appeared to be dull grey.

However, as the UNH HW is torn and rather faded, I am unable to differentiate if it is Neocheritra amrita or Manto hypoleuca?

Not sure if we can totally rule out Jacoona anasuja as I do not see the base of vein 12 black dusted on this butterfly.

27596 27597

Thank you!

[Psyche]

1. This is a strange one.
The general colouration rendition is too grey.

The FW is raised high enough to show no uppercellspot. FW spots small yellowish.
So it is either C. cormasa or C. malaya. C. philippina have sharper wings.


It looks like C. cormasa but the pale area on the antenna is obscure.

C.cormasa.
Male.
https://live.staticflickr.com/5258/5427260282_cd67d64c22_b.jpg
Female.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2caxXSexYr0/VMOML1IwF_I/AAAAAAAATvE/QsdxJABXW6o/s1600/DSC_0108.JPG


C malaya.
FW & HW more uniform.
Pale area on antenna weak.
Male.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-m1O18RS0-KI/VuQNc-vUBAI/AAAAAAAAlxU/K54dWi9wBgM08McCrCjGDcUCTKq14MWIQ/s1600/CM_adult_01.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/156660812/large.jpg
Female.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-j1Pq5mDimAQ/VuThEifYl8I/AAAAAAAAl1M/iSi-9t2_rTsyMSBLqhDX8PopR58PRdJ8A/s1600/CM_adult_06.jpg


I 'll put as Caltoris cormasa.



2 Female Manto hypoleuca.

Compare the markings in space 3 .The short tail is at vein 2, the space immediately above is space 2 with the round black spot.Next space above is space 3 with two bars.

Manto hypoleuca female.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/_rzo8wjfyCsM/SemXz5T1imI/AAAAAAAADOo/OoLiAZuw4gI/s1600-h/GI_female_Mark_c.jpg


Female Neocheritra amrita. space 3 have one bar.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UgO5tOyx-Ts/VO29hbC55CI/AAAAAAAAgQs/cS0hshKaWX0/s1600/bcd3s-S180-GrandImperial07.jpg


Jacoona anasuja. female.
FW base of vein 12 black; HW space 3 two oblong spots.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-NfYXF-Kuy3s/Ui8ex9ynSKI/AAAAAAAAZ5o/MCHjaj9SGSQ/s1600/Great_Imperial_adult_02.jpg




TL Seow: Cheers.
PS. Wrong tail & space quoted, now corrected.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr Seow!

Can I check for this Telicota, could it be Telicota augias?

27601

Appears deep orange; UnH veins not darkened; FW spots 4 & 5 seemed to be not in line so possibly ruling out T. besta?

However, the UnH veins seemed to be raised.

Looking forward to your diagnosis!

[Psyche]

Post 43.
Telicota besta male.

T. besta is very common in Singapore.
Unfornunately if often appeared deep orange & confusingly similar to T. augias.

FW appear sharper, upperside male brand set on the inner border of the black space.
UnH veins raised & usually with some light dusting or darkening.
Face usually paler.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6-BjVfqOIQ0/U1vGug7ph3I/AAAAAAAAdO0/Emv5HEJEs0M/s1600/TB_adult_male_up_01.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UaQyq4Qv0Do/U1vGMJpF3JI/AAAAAAAAdOE/AO0B1ysaCfU/s1600/TB_adult_01.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1rRXJdPYor8/U1t8nyeH4YI/AAAAAAAAdNo/oJS47AHDGVg/s1600/TB_newly_eclosed_male_01.jpg
https://images-wixmp-ed30a86b8c4ca887773594c2.wixmp.com/f/5cb77cac-13f5-4143-a7f2-17dfeebe596e/d1siwei-8a464175-3f7f-4550-9181-76b843b227f8.jpg/v1/fill/w_914,h_653,q_75,strp/telicota_besta_bina_i_by_log1t3ch_d1siwei-fullview.jpg?token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI 1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ1cm46YXBwOjdlMGQxODg5ODIyNjQzNzNh NWYwZDQxNWVhMGQyNmUwIiwiaXNzIjoidXJuOmFwcDo3ZTBkMT g4OTgyMjY0MzczYTVmMGQ0MTVlYTBkMjZlMCIsIm9iaiI6W1t7 ImhlaWdodCI6Ijw9NjUzIiwicGF0aCI6IlwvZlwvNWNiNzdjYW MtMTNmNS00MTQzLWE3ZjItMTdkZmVlYmU1OTZlXC9kMXNpd2Vp LThhNDY0MTc1LTNmN2YtNDU1MC05MTgxLTc2Yjg0M2IyMjdmOC 5qcGciLCJ3aWR0aCI6Ijw9OTE0In1dXSwiYXVkIjpbInVybjpz ZXJ2aWNlOmltYWdlLm9wZXJhdGlvbnMiXX0.chb3yS1qr4jcno 74EQZ1rN6U-XZvtDSdQn1a_R-OTVo



Telicota augias. Rare.
FW less sharp. uniformly deep orange.
Male brand straight & often occupy width of black space.
unH veins not raised & not dark dusted.
Face fairly orange.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6Q/U6ZQMNh6IkI/AAAAAAAAOPs/KFaTN4_wis4/s1600/HFH_2956-Palm-Dart-(Telicota-augias-augias).jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6Q/U6ZQMNh6IkI/AAAAAAAAOPs/KFaTN4_wis4/s1600/HFH_2956-Palm-Dart-(Telicota-augias-augias).jpg
This male appear to have dark veins but the upperside is typical T. augias.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6riT3uzrel0/VgoXg6gugdI/AAAAAAAABhk/BmQspbMAvkk/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_1.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-y3LkExqbZs8/VgoXg4gxecI/AAAAAAAABhk/g-Exi9WYzh8/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_2.jpg

It is possible that T. augias may have been under-identified as few shot include & upperside image.



Telicota colon is the only species in which FW spots 4 & 5 are not in line.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Telicota-colon-1080x675.jpg



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Ok thanks for the clarification Dr. Seow!

Not a skipper again, but does this look like Pantoporia sandaka? The sub-marginal grey band does not look to be wide but constricted. Or is this P. hordonia?

2760227603

[Psyche]

Yes. It is Pantoporia sandaka male.

The two species seem very confusing particularly in the female in Singapore.

In P.Malaysia they are clearcut.
http://nlliew66butterflies.blogspot.com/2015/07/the-common-lascar-pantoporia-hardonia.html
http://nlliew66butterflies.blogspot.com/2013/07/the-common-lascar-pantoporia-sandaka.html


A helpful clue is that in P. hordonia the orange band is often narrowed & may be broken in the middle.

P. hordonia male & female.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oiSX3-kyPRk/Tk-9CD1-ziI/AAAAAAAAGZI/i5qORnzy7V4/s1600/CommonLascar-KSK4.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dEI1ON5mR4k/Tk-8kkSP8wI/AAAAAAAAGZA/LxxxGKDn1So/s1600/CommonLascar-KSK.jpg


P. sandaka male & female.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uNRH3neo0xI/Tk-8ylJieFI/AAAAAAAAGZE/mccS3lSKGDI/s1600/CommonLascar-Fed3.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pantoporia%20hordonia%20hordonia/Common%20Lascar%20-%20Federick%20Ho.jpg



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Would appreciate if you could help to shed light on the following species.

1) Baoris farri ?
27658

2) No idea where to begin, does not seem to have any unH spots but is not Quedara monteithi male nor Ancistroides nigrita.

27659 27660

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 47

No 1 is easy enough.
Male Baoris farri.
Blackish antennae, Swept FWs, raised veins, obscurely banded abdomen.
Similar to this.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/itchydogimages/7863317448

[Psyche]

No 2 is very difficult.

The antennae show the pale areas in side & top views seen in the 3 Caltoris species, C. cormasa, bromus & cahira.
A single subapical spot & two tiny cellspots.Two large discal spots 2 & 3.
Caltoris can present with much reduced or absent spots except for the two primary spots 2 & 3.
The abdominal end indicate a female.


The individual is much worn.
The colouration does not suggest C. cormasa (which is often reddish )especially in the top view.
For example.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OOfX5p3pNCU/VMOMhzNq-wI/AAAAAAAATvs/msoq2-TC9gQ/s1600/DSC_0106.JPG
Worn female C. cormasa.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0EK80AsaR7g/TLFIL_LsEqI/AAAAAAAADeU/I852hxwNLPk/s400/DSC0760-Caltoris_filtered.jpg


This narrows it down to female C. bromus or cahira.

I am afraid this is about it for the momemt.



TL Seow:Cheers.

[Psyche]

Post 47 no. 2

Female Caltoris cahira.

Eliot state of C. bromus, the female always have a spot in FW space 1b on the upperside. The underside have a similar corresponding spot.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93320001.html

The female C. cahira have none or is weakly present as here.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93300010.html


Pic. 2 clearly shows this female have no spot in space 1b on both sides.




TL Seow: CHeers.
PS. In C. cahira the HW is dark chocolate but is variable in depth ,& may be difficult to determine in worn examples.
Taiwan.
https://156cfyphotography.blogspot.com/2018/07/dark-swift-caltoris-cahira.html
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSe0F7zioU1e7uj-ip1k1yGjT0-H0hVrt8QdA&usqp=CAU

PS. Baoris have blackish antennae. Male with a dark brand in a pale area UnF; female always with a space 1b spot on both surfaces.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93210001.html

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Would like to seek your assistance to confirm/ID the following skippers.

1) Caltoris with pale antenna area, Caltoris cormasa?

27697

2a) Telicota besta?

27698

2b) Telicota besta?

27699

3) Caltoris philippina? Very sharp forewing margin, appear greenish under flash, no pale antennae region and no FW cell spot.

2770027701

[Psyche]

Post 51.
You got them all right.

1. Caltoris cormasa female; Reddish tone ;3 subapical spots yellowish; pale area on antennae.


2. Telicota besta female; Veins dark dusted; FW spots 4 & 5 equal.



3. Caltoris phillipina female' FW no cellspot; excavate margin ;Underside greenish ochreous scalings.



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Seeking your help to ID the following species.


1. Could this be Pantoporia hordonia?

FW inner grey line seems to be wider than the orange line although its quite faded?

Also, could I trouble you to explain where the speculum is? I have trouble visualizing it on the butterfly.

27716




2. Posting on behalf of a friend. Is this Baoris sp.?

27715


3. A very worn out individual. Seems to have cell spot so could it be Caltoris cormasa? The pale antenna region does not seem to be large though.

277172771827719

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 53.

1 Female Pantoporia hordonia.

The two species are often much confused throughout their range.
In Singapore the two species are more similar possibly because of some crossing.


Pantoporia hordonia.
Grey submarginal band wider than the orange band, which may be broken or much rduced,
The male have a small grey speculum on the HW base which is fully hidden at rest.
Typical male P. Malaysia.
http://nlliew66butterflies.blogspot.com/2015/07/the-common-lascar-pantoporia-hardonia.html
Note small HW grey speculum in set specimen.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lim1/720010001.html
Males Singapore.
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/30274381/large.jpeg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/52653336/large.jpeg
Females Singapore.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/133072147/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/86306376/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/175156740/large.jpg


Pantoporia sandaka.
FW submarginal orange band wider than grey band ,typically intact , unbroken.
Grey band often constrcted into beads.
Male FW postdiscal band's foot extension along the lower margin always large.
HW with a larger white speculum around the base which often shows as a white highlight below the FW.
SSp davidsoni showing the white speculum.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lim1/720020010.html
Typical male P. Malaysia.
http://nlliew66butterflies.blogspot.com/2013/07/the-common-lascar-pantoporia-sandaka.html
Males Singapore.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/_rzo8wjfyCsM/S_qG3iESjZI/AAAAAAAAGoo/KHbAWLGMapQ/s1600/CL_adult_Federick_02_c.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/47342610/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/9881753/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/201499459/large.jpg
The female can be rather confusingly similar to the female P. hordonia.
Females Singapore.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/13230791/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/49881146/large.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/30912128/large.jpeg
Probable female P. sandaka. ( Google zoom 300X ,& the grey band can be seen to be much narrower than the black spacing.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/54067217/large.jpg

[Psyche]

Post 53.
2 Baoris ,probably B. farri female.

Antannae blackish, FW two oblong cellspots.
Caltoris always have rounded cellspot particularly the upper one.
FW underside pale area as in female Baoris.
See female from Chiang Mai.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93210001.html

[Psyche]

Post 53.
3. Probably female Caltoris cormasa.
Very worn specimen, usual red tone hardly noticeable, except upperside FW.
Spot markings as in C. cormasa.
Pale area on antenna may darken with age.
3rd picture is suggestive of C. cormasa.

Other two possibilities C. bromus & cahira seem unlikely.


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr Seow!

I'm also seeking your opinion on the following Rapala.

Could this be Rapala damona? Searching through the web and other online platforms does seem to show that R. damona has a larger filling at space 1b compared to R. suffusa.

27726

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Yes. This is a Rapala damona male.

The large speckled patch is particularly significant in Sundaland..Sumatra, Malaya, Java & Borneo.
These examples are from the Andaman islands north of Sumatra.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/rapala-damona.
You can also check Otsuka 's specimens in the Borneo Lycaenids.
You can download it here.
http://www17.plala.or.jp/jamides/Borneobook/borneo-e.html


The examples from continental Asia have a smaller speckled patch about 60 - 70 % coverage.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4i/84000001.html


Do not simply accept images from website.
Try to cross check if you can.
Many errors occur.

Rapala damona is one.
This example from northern Thailand is Rapala dieneces, not R. damona.
The HW 's upper third is largely black.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapala_damona#/media/File:RapalaDamonaMUpUnAC1.jpg
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4i/84010001.html


TL Seow: Cheers

PS. Helpful features.
If the HW speckled patch is small & the postdiscal line/band is angled sharply it is always R. suffusa.
Female.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124393458

The postdiscal band is rounded above the speckled patch is rounded in R. damona & dieneces.
R. damona female.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/142918097/original.jpeg
R. dieneces female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-eudC-rksd2c/VpIGMppDl8I/AAAAAAAAYUo/53PN8JMlBig/s1600/DSC_0194.JPG

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Seeking your assistance to ID the following skippers.

Thank you!

1) Pelopidas sp., possibly P. mathias?

2777427775

2) Looks like P. agna to me.

2777627777

3) Telicota sp.? Seems to not have dark dusted veins and quite abit larger than usual T. besta.

2777827779

4) A dirty mix of grey and brown so Pelopidas mathias?

27780

[Psyche]

Post 59.

1. female
2 female.
4. male.

Pelopidas mathias.
Ground colour dirty look with dark & grey shadings.
Male & Female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20mathias%20mathias/small%20banded%20swift%20-bene.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20mathias%20mathias/Small%20Branded%20Swift%20-%202%20-%20Sum%20Chee%20Ming.jpg

Pelopidas agna
Ground colour with a neat clean appearance.
2 males & female.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Hw681ALm5FU/UFXjb_4D9qI/AAAAAAAAGl0/5g2mXz48cNs/s1600/DSC2521+Small+Branded+Swift+.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tQNuynda7-c/Vk6to9P81eI/AAAAAAAAkj4/aNtww6l2YUM/s1600/PA_male_06b.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7zXwSQZiZjw/Vk6snOvQSBI/AAAAAAAAkjc/FLIs7DHMunE/s1600/BengalSwiftF-KSK.jpg


3. Female Telicota besta.

Underside HW with veins across band lightly darken.
FW spot 4 & 5 equal rectangular.
FW upperside cellend bar, one long & short.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/211438655/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/211442180/large.jpg

Female T. colon very similar.
FW upperside cellend bars one long & one short.
FW spots 4 & 5 distorted in shape & not aligned.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/112883425/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/51392402/large.jpeg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

I have another Telicota to ID, it this T. colon?

Thank you!

27814

[Psyche]

Post 61,
Yes. This is a female T. colon.

Normally in T. colon FW spots 4 & 5 are distorted in shape & in the male they are not aligned, ie spot 5 is farther out from spot 4.
This is not so obvious in the female.
In female FW spot 5 is often bisected horizontally as seen here.
The general appearance is as in T. besta female but besta female have spots 4 & 5 equal & not distorted.

T. colon male & female.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iRfNeV5wQzA/UKzN8heYtNI/AAAAAAAAIoU/f3aJKVW5sQk/s1600/PalmDart-LemonTea.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-grsw9HIBWI4/VAxfuqQLhFI/AAAAAAAAQFU/ARBSsNRqbFI/s1600/HFH3772-Telicota%2Bcolon%2Bstinga.jpg


T. besta male & 3 females.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-EcRIOq2ivQ8/U1vGYbuSkoI/AAAAAAAAdOU/R4gYL-S-BfY/s1600/TB_adult_male_-04.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GqK3ID-7Mlk/VIL1VCRkusI/AAAAAAAAQpM/ubrQHPG6-B4/s1600/HFH_5986-Telicota%2Bbesta%2Bbina.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jNl8Waf_HV0/U1vGRX6qqcI/AAAAAAAAdOM/CiGHaWLO_cQ/s1600/TB_adult_female_03+(1).jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OEM0FaXJUEI/U1vGhhSB71I/AAAAAAAAdOk/ZsPEPPciXJU/s1600/TB_adult_female_01.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Here are a few more skippers, hoping you could confirm the IDs.

Thank you!

a) Potanthus trachala?

Abdominal end is black banded, UNF spots 4 and 5 connected by spikes, UNH spots 5 at least strongly projected out and size larger than typical P. omaha.

27815

b) Potanthus serina?

About 1.5x larger than (a), abdominal end black, UNF spot 4 smaller than 5

27816

c) Potanthus serina?

Different individual but characters same as (b).

27817

d) Telicota besta?

Seems to have raised veins; face paler, UNF spots 4 and 5 similar size.

27818

e) Telicota besta?

Raised veins that seemed lightly dark dusted; face paler, UNF spots 4 and 5 similar sized.

27819

f) Caltoris cormasa?

Pale area on antennae, UNF spots yellowish, reddish tone.

27820

[Psyche]

Post 63.

a, b, c. Typical males Potanthus serina. Correction: a is male Potanthus mingo.

P. serina FW 16-17mm. Note of the two spots 4 & 5 ,the upper & smaller one is spot 5.
FW spot 4 always overlap spot 3.
HW ground shaded dark brown; small spot 6 on the upper inner corner of the band.
Males.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Potanthus-serina.jpg
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/d7/80/fb/d780fbee9e9b2b3ae5e65893f41908f6.jpg


Potanthus trachala smaller FW 15mm.
FW spots 4 & 5 not overlapping any spot.
FW spots spiky.
HW upper spot (combined spot 4+5) project out strongly.
Ground with heavy black edgings & spots.
Males.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-kvlAhJLLsd0/VAxf7FbehUI/AAAAAAAAQFc/hP3tC8esw5s/s1600/HFH3746-Potanthus-trachala-tytleri.jpg
https://i.pinimg.com/736x/8c/bd/70/8cbd702e535779b37521f7b0db7b591d.jpg
https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/49661986752_b306b67082_c.jpg

[Psyche]

Post 63.

d, male, e female Telicota besta.

T. besta male with raised veins & lightly dark-dusted.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Telicota-besta-1-1080x675.jpg
Female with dark-dusted veins.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OEM0FaXJUEI/U1vGhhSB71I/AAAAAAAAdOk/ZsPEPPciXJU/s1600/TB_adult_female_01.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GqK3ID-7Mlk/VIL1VCRkusI/AAAAAAAAQpM/ubrQHPG6-B4/s1600/HFH_5986-Telicota%2Bbesta%2Bbina.jpg


T. linna.
Both sexes have the veins not dark-dusted.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pxufm6yxwJY/Vz1Ts1TFzdI/AAAAAAAAmSA/3i5nnLNhN_04ab0tBl_oAsFTUb_tq3E8QCLcB/s1600/TL_male_02.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e_7pWdo7Xxw/Vz1Tmmx5PpI/AAAAAAAAmR8/f2OCfKpKqCUHrPSwUg4pPp-4TWKi0VGlwCLcB/s1600/TL_female_03.jpg

[Psyche]

f. Male Caltoris bromus.
The colour of the spots may varies.
IN C. bromus & cahira, the spots are usually white.

Note large double cellspots ;Subapical spots two, both large.
FW & HW of similar tone.


Caltoris cormasa
FW typically 3 subapical spots decreasing in size; cellspot often one, if two ,upper one tiny.
HW deeper & darker red brown.
Males.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c7t4k7FNWto/VAmxnaf6kHI/AAAAAAAAP84/mzvRAqFZVxo/s1600/HFH_3719-Caltoris%2Bcormasa.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TjKxWVHrQmg/VGbOal2gmXI/AAAAAAAAfZE/UXtIkUB2kE0/s1600/CC_adult_CherHern_01.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8EbM65dWqtE/VGOHm1rac4I/AAAAAAAAfWc/YI8Gb6HKjcQ/s1600/CC_adult_03.jpg
Female showing two cellspots.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HYiGh0gEIEM/VMOMbHuJg3I/AAAAAAAATvk/C0o1_FJ_O68/s1600/DSC_0126.JPG



C. bromus bromus.
FW with two cellspots, prominent.
Subapical spots usually two relatively large.
HW & FW uniformly dark brown with an ochreous overlay.
Males.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/60699155/large.jpg
https://i13.photobucket.com/albums/a288/SunnyChir/Bin/Sunny-Chir-1D4-7107--25_08_2014_zpsd5aebfd1.png
https://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d156/Schir/Share/Sunny-Chir-1D3--28_07_2012---7140.jpg


C. cahira austeni.
Very similar to C. bromus with two prominent FW cellspot.
HW overlaid with dark chocolate contrasting with the FW, depth of colour variable.
Males.
P.Malaysia.
https://live.staticflickr.com/5739/21680122591_88ca2c13f4_b.jpg
Taiwan.
https://www.facebook.com/152730515401673/photos/%E6%94%BE%E8%B8%B5%E7%8F%82%E5%BC%84%E8%9D%B6-dark-swift-%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8Dcaltoris-cahira%E7%89%A0%E7%9A%84%E7%9C%BC%E7%9D%9B%E5%8E%9 F%E6%98%AF%E9%BB%91%E8%89%B2%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%A0%E7% 8F%BE%E5%A0%B4%E5%A4%AA%E6%9A%97%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%86 %E9%96%83%E7%87%88%E6%89%80%E4%BB%A5%E8%AE%8A%E6%8 8%90%E4%BA%86%E7%B4%85%E8%89%B2/198114564196601/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/137111202@N08/44295780121
Female.
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTs15ifluawJK60Ve03U5B1bqnLGEMYb XeY72S_omFdbJhmtGAiLGh-_fvaVIdqK_BE5ek&usqp=CAU


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Psyche]

Correction.
Post 63.

a is Potanthus mingo.
Abdominal ewnd black-banded.
FW spots 4 & 5 equal.
Ground colour heavily dark shaded.
Compare size P. mingo FW 12-13mm. P. omaha FW 12mm. P. serina FW 16-17 mm.
Male Potanthus mingo.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-f3wB2A2ujBs/TljGL_hdu_I/AAAAAAAABdc/afUjssvXasc/s1600/_MG_1531.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EGfuIVmIAcM/Xm44SFZWNPI/AAAAAAAAUyQ/7MKmfZclFC4HrcGGzMmJmYIoxUSKucmwgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/HFH_8042%2BPotanthus%2Bsp.JPG


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

For post 63. a), the size of the skipper I shot was not around the size of P. omaha but quite abit larger.

Not sure if it helps but I have a shot of the upperside as well.

27827

In additional, I have another Telicota to verify.

I am hoping it is T. linna.

Veins with no dark dusting, face and underside of body seems to be quite pale compared to the rest?

27828

Thank you!

27828

[Psyche]

Post 68.

The upperside shows it is not P. serina.
The FW veins crossing the band on the upperside of P. serina are strongly darken.
P. serina.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/30696069/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/30812213/large.jpeg

It is also not going to be P. juno or lydia (a highland species).
I will leave it as P. mingo as the most likely possibility.


The second is correctly Telicota linna female.



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks Dr Seow!

Could the following be Pothanthus trachala then?

FW spots 4 and 5 seems to be detached from other spots? UnFW spots 4 and 5 connected by spikes?

278292783027831

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 70.
Yes ,this is typical P. trachala male.


The 1st one is also not P. rectifasciatus which have a large HW spot 6.
https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48792272743_1b7a80689a_c.jpg
https://live.staticflickr.com/4585/38661764476_5a39db4bb7_c.jpg
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92700001.html


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Here to check in a few more skippers to verify their IDs.

1) Could this be Telicota linna? Underside looked pale but its overall appearance looked weird.

27879

2) Pelopidas sp.; Very worn not sure if can be ID-ed further.

27880

3) Pelopidas sp. ; quite large, not sure if this could be P. conjunctus?

2788127882

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 72.

1. Female T. besta.

If there are dark-dusted veins it is besta. A pale vform. Underside is actually greenish ochreous.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GqK3ID-7Mlk/VIL1VCRkusI/AAAAAAAAQpM/ubrQHPG6-B4/s1600/HFH_5986-Telicota%2Bbesta%2Bbina.jpg
Female T. linna
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e_7pWdo7Xxw/Vz1Tmmx5PpI/AAAAAAAAmR8/f2OCfKpKqCUHrPSwUg4pPp-4TWKi0VGlwCLcB/s1600/TL_female_03.jpg


2. Female Caltoris philippina; Longish FW, margin incurved at lower 1/2.
Greenish ochreous scales.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3m-dnKh43TM/VfWGVdaNX_I/AAAAAAAAR8c/a2j1to6kii4/s1600/HFH2283%2BCaltoris%2Bphilippina%2Bphilippina.jpg


3. Female Pelopidas mathias; dirty undersdie,

P. conjunctud.
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/6a0100a801ee89000e0110162468f1860b.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FvDO3Lfw_To/VwiMznz4M2I/AAAAAAAAmCc/nvyGYR91VEIRPMXu_8UtbWohigle6IdhQ/s1600/PC_adult_Khew_03.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Qmzp-Y5H8e4/Vwj_XWV40MI/AAAAAAAAmDE/w1NVMZeNZsIzJT5BgYz0du-eUoCn6GklQ/s1600/PC_adult_JamesChia_01.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Would require your assistance to help ID this skipper.

Pelopidas sp.? No HW cell spot though, and size is 1.5x a P. mathias.

28113 28114

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 74.

Female Polytremis lubricans.
1 UnH with coarse ochreous scalings.
2 HW spot 4 (translucent) wide & aligned almost at right angle to spots 3 & 5.
3.Antenna with orange tip & black band.

FW cellspots may be conjoined or separate.
FW spot 2 is angular, quadrate in female & ovate in male.

Females.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0cUzxS0FpT8/T1tgyU4WJrI/AAAAAAAAFjg/TiwxZzRsxec/s1600/DSC4674%2BContiguous%2BSwift.jpg
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/6a0100a801ee89000e0123de089073860c.jpg
Male.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/PolytremisLubricans_VivekSarkar_ap206.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Could I check if the following skippers are all Erionota thrax?

I am unable to visualise the difference between E. thrax and E. torus and would like to seek your assistance to shed light on the differences.

a)
28120

b)
28121

c)
28122

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 76.

1. Female Erionota thrax.

2, & 3. Female Erionota torus.

The two can be quite confusing in fieldshots.

Females with antennal club half-white, males with antennal club 3/4 white.
28123
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92330001.html
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92320001.html

Note in shots 2 & 3 the head is nearer the camera ( it appear larger).
The oblique view render the termen (outer margin ) somewhat straight.

Erionota thrax.
Males.
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/6a0100a801ee89000e0123de0f3c25860d.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/243886072/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/8701003/large.jpeg

https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/182281805/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/182281810/large.jpeg

https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/173812602/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/173812601/large.jpeg

Females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Erionota%20thrax%20thrax/Sunny-Chir---EOS-1D-Mark-III--28_01_2012--0060.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/217271758/large.jpeg


Erionota torus.
Males.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Erionota_torus.jpg/800px-Erionota_torus.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/207008210/large.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/51391322/large.jpeg
Females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Erionota%20torus/Sunny-Chir---EOS-1D-Mark-III--20_01_2012--0882.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/51392560/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/60699518/large.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Thanks for the diagrams Dr Seow! It made the part on wing margins alot more clearer.

Can I check if the FW spots are diagnostic? I have added additional photos to the photos 2 & 3 for post 76 as the FW spots look kind of different.

Post 76:

2) Added a shot showing FW upperside and a more parallel shot of the underside.

28124 28125

3) Similarly, added a shot of FW upperside and a more parallel shot of the underside.

28126 28127


In addition, adding on another Erionota, could this be E. torus then?

A)

28128 28129

Thank you!!

[Psyche]

Post 78.

The shape of spot 3 was given by Flemings, author of BoWM&S.
It is not absolute. Need to view in the correct perspective.
You can see the difference in the Yutaka website,

2 is certain to be E. torus. Corrected.
3 looks to have the termen a bit straighter, but FW is broad as in E. torus.
Compare typical E. thraxfemale with narrower FW.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Erionota%20thrax%20thrax/Sunny-Chir---EOS-1D-Mark-III--28_01_2012--0060.jpg

I would include it as E. torus.

Do note interspecific crosses occur & can be fully fertile with sibling species.

A. is fairly typical E. torus female.


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Psyche]

Correction

Some typo errors.

1 is Erionota thrax.

2 is certain to be E. torus.

3 is likely to be also E. torus.
In a perfectly perpendicular shot the blunt wide angle to the FW is always seen in E. thrax.


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Was looking through my older photos and wondered if the following could be Lasippa heliodore?

The FW cellular bar with tongue do not look correct and seemed to point to L. tiga but the submarginal spots resemble closer to L. helidore?

Looking forward to your opinion. Thank you!

28153

[Psyche]

This is one of those tricky one.

The two species are closely related & so it may not be uncommon for them to cross & produce intermediates.

Generally I would think this is closer to Lasippa heliodore based on the following.

To reiterate.

Lasippa heliodore.
FW submarginal spots 3 & 4 in male nearly equal width, in female spot 3 about 1.5X width of spot 4.
Tongue spot usually defined in black.
Thin orange submarginal band often faded & obscure in the male.
Lower end of FW subapical crossband well notched by spot 4.
Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20heliodore%20dorelia/BL_adult_male_ups_02X.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dCiPo215IYM/U6VaH8dJGZI/AAAAAAAAMLo/e-ZE7-lYzH4/s1600/BurmeseLascar-LokePF.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20heliodore%20dorelia/BL_adult_male_ups_02X.jpg
Females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20heliodore%20dorelia/BurmeseLascar_female_Horace_02.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HoYdClsYuys/UmOcgNxN2vI/AAAAAAAALEA/MaAs2vSAsIE/s1600/MalayanLascar-MarkW.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20heliodore%20dorelia/Lasippa%20heliodore%20dorelia%20(Burmese%20Lasca)% 20-%20Loke.jpg


Lasippa tiga.
FW submarginal spots 3 is at least 2X wider than spot 4 in both sexes.
Tongue spot not well defined in black.
Male thin orange submarginal band usually well defined. Correction: Variable, not quite true.
Lower end of subapical crossband not usually notched by spot 4.
Males.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SJ-nAVEsors/X98jEO3vRXI/AAAAAAAAai4/SqG2mwKhaz0mIGVEG65QGTYJrD20HbUlQCLcBGAsYHQ/s2000/MalayanLascar-KSK2.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/_rzo8wjfyCsM/S_qJU_VdOpI/AAAAAAAAGp4/45leX7qPysA/s1600/ML_newly_eclosed_02_male.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/114512960/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/248479378/large.jpg
Females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20tiga%20siaka/Maalyan%20Lascar%20-%20Khew.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20tiga%20siaka/Malayan%20Lascar%20-%20Wong%20Chee%20Meng.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20tiga%20siaka/Maalyan%20Lascar%20-%20Khew.jpg

The image have the following features.
1, FW submarginal spot 3 is barely 1.5X width of spot 4.
2. Submarginal thin orange band faded & obscure.
3. Tongue spot is poorly defined but not an absolute feature in L. heliodore.
4. FW crossband notched by spot 4.
This have more the features of L. heliodore.


TL Seow; Cheers.

[sabafish]

Dear Dr. Seow,

Merry Christmas! Thank you for the constant assistance in helping us amateurs ID the butterflies that we have trouble with.

Once again, am seeking your help to ID the following butterflies.

1) Pelopidas conjunctus?

Sorry for the photos with high exposure. The FW spots looked to be a different colour than the HW spots which are white. The size is larger than typical P. mathias too.

281542815528156


The subsequent photos are dealing with Pantoporia hordonia or Pantoporia sandaka again. Appreciate if you could determine if they are all P. sandaka or there is a P. hordonia among them. Thank you!

2)

28157

3)

28160

4)

2815828159

[Psyche]

Post 83.

1. Female Pelopidas mathias. Note abdominal end * extra spot in FW space 1b.
The extra spot in space 1b immediately exclude P. conjunctus female as this species lack the spot in the female.
P. conjunctus is larger FW 21-23mm vs FW P. mathias 15-16mm & P agna 16-18mm, & a deeper brown.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93120001.html
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93090001.html
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93130001.html
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93140001.html

P. mathias underside grey-tinged or shaded grey, dirty look.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NQjrfm7_wKc/VLKJc4Ocs5I/AAAAAAAAf0o/TWF0cOhFUMI/s1600/SBS_adult_Benedict_01.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Zld9bl5mdBo/VLKKIqUe-XI/AAAAAAAAf08/O8JvOpe6umE/s1600/SBS_adult_01.jpg

P. agna. Underside with a cleaner uniform brown appearrance.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tQNuynda7-c/Vk6to9P81eI/AAAAAAAAkj4/aNtww6l2YUM/s1600/PA_male_06b.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20agna%20agna/PA_male_06a.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7zXwSQZiZjw/Vk6snOvQSBI/AAAAAAAAkjc/FLIs7DHMunE/s1600/BengalSwiftF-KSK.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ygTUZGa_yoo/Vk6si49hwyI/AAAAAAAAkjU/L6ZAW0jUzn8/s1600/PA_female_01.jpg

Pelopidas conjunctus. Larger; FW spots larger & yellowish; HW spots whitish. Female FW with only one spot in space 1b.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20conjunctus%20conjunctus/PC_adult_Khew_03.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20conjunctus%20conjunctus/PC_adult_Loke_01.jpg
http://www.samuibutterflies.com/expeditions/hesperiidae/pelopidasconjunctus/


Your three Pantoporia are all females, so it is incorrect to ID them without the respective males.

2 looks like P. hordonia female but the FW submarginal band is expanded at the apex, a sandaka trait.

THese examples all all from P. Malaysia.

P. sandaka male; Note a white highlight/ line between the FW & HW denoting the white speculum in this species.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/210278563/large.jpeg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c8rXTibfeqY/Une7uK6IDRI/AAAAAAAALeU/9RQQGiO1Jvk/s1600/DSC_0137.JPG
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/230373110/large.jpeg
Females.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/54067217/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/56800444/large.jpeg

P. hordonia Male without a HW white speculum, so no white highlight.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/105638206/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/171645939/large.jpeg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-6TIVtGI_okk/U3dZiNWZG2I/AAAAAAAAOdc/ONasPwcgx60/s1600/DSC_0229.JPG
Females, Grey band as broad as in the male. orange submarginal band tend to fade out at the apex or obscure.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/29184148/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/217808976/large.jpg


I would say all three are likely to be P. sandaka.
You need a male to confirm this species' existence .


TL Seow; Cheers.
PS.
Other females P. hordonia for comparison.
Cambodia.
https://wingscales.com/content/record/451-1-0ade1.jpg
Java.
https://www.jungledragon.com/image/107233/common_lascar_butterfly_pantoporia_hordonia_hordon ia_-_upper_side.html/zoom

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Adding on a few more skippers for your assistance to verify/ID them. Thank you!

1) Potantus omaha?
Veins are dark dusted.

28161


2) Baoris oceia

FW spots reduced; darker in appearance.

28162

3) Can't get a look at the abdominal end but is this Potanthus trachala?

2816328164

4) Abdominal end is black, Potanthus trachala?

28165

5) This type of skipper always confuses me. No unHW spots, antenna tip not orange. FW does not have cell spot.

Caltoris malaya?

2816628167

[Psyche]

Post 85.

1. Male P. omaha ,Dull ochreous, veins lightly darken.

2. Baoris oceia.male.
Much reduced subapical spots; FW upper cellspot a crescent.

3 female, 4. male P. trachala.

The body shape is stretched horizontally giving a false impression.
P. trachala have the main /discal band quite nsrrow,
The stretching have cause the FW spots 2 & 3 to appear wide & resembles another species.
Spots 4 & 5 also shows slight degree of overlap tothe others.

Typical P. trachala.
Male.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/_yzw2AzY2du4/TR38IjsxkHI/AAAAAAAAFbU/q8mjxJswym0/s1600/PotanthusM01a.jpg
Female.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/212486560/large.jpg

There is a close resemblance to P. pseudomaesa a continental species.

P. pseudomaesa.
Male Sri Lanka.
https://slbutterflies.lk/storage/app/public/butterflies/b1492795816.JPG
Female. S. India.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/observation/Potanthus%20spp.%20_1665190495_236702.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/observation/Potanthus%20spp.%20_1665190495_236703.jpg

5. Caltoris malaya female.
The FW lacks any cellspot. Note antennal pale area is stronger in this individual; normally very weak in this species.



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Could the following be Telicota augias or is it Telicota besta?

Not sure if the veins are raised but overall shape is a little sharper (could be due to the skipper 'jumping' due to the flash), veins are not significantly dark dusted. The general appearance is pretty orange overall as well.

Thank you!

28168

[Psyche]

Post 87.

This is fairly consistent with a male Telicota besta.
The HW veins across the band are lightly speckled in black.

Admittedly the Telicota species are very difficult despite only a few species.
Colour rendition in photos is very misleading.
Only Telicota colon male is readily identifiable.


Telicota augias.Generally a deeper uniform orange than others.
Head & thoracic hairs of similar orange colour.
HW veins not dark-dusted.
Abdominal end orange without blackish shading.
Male brand large straight in the black space; base of space 2orange.
Typical males.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6Q/U6ZQMNh6IkI/AAAAAAAAOPs/KFaTN4_wis4/s1600/HFH_2956-Palm-Dart-(Telicota-augias-augias).jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6riT3uzrel0/VgoXg6gugdI/AAAAAAAABhk/BmQspbMAvkk/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_1.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-y3LkExqbZs8/VgoXg4gxecI/AAAAAAAABhk/g-Exi9WYzh8/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_2.jpg
https://c2.staticflickr.com/6/5336/9950853134_aaff7fdc56_b.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-f8o_ke_F-V8/VhERLvuSs1I/AAAAAAAAR9c/hnvpvzhT6uk/s640/HFH_2455-Besta%2BPalm%2BDart.jpg
Others.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/47005337/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/48030685/large.jpeg
*https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/228676103/large.jpeg Correction: Probably hybrid or T. besta .Have some lightly dusted veins.
*https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/250256527/large.jpeg Possibly T. besta. Note strong raised veins with shadowlines; More yellow.
Females with HW veins lightly dark across the band; band more orangey than other females.
.https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/48763715/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/206054788/large.jpeg


Telicota besta is often confused with T. augias.
Male brand is against the inner margin ,
Head & thorax are somewhat darker than the wings.
HW veins are lightly dark, more often raised veins with shadow lines .Abdominal end with a light darkish patch.
Face lighter.
Males.
https://thamfatt.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/ls08369-telicota-augias.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1rRXJdPYor8/U1t8nyeH4YI/AAAAAAAAdNo/oJS47AHDGVg/s1600/TB_newly_eclosed_male_01.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UaQyq4Qv0Do/U1vGMJpF3JI/AAAAAAAAdOE/AO0B1ysaCfU/s1600/TB_adult_01.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/243129479/large.jpg
Females with dull colour & lightly darkish veins.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/207941006/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/246395635/large.jpg


Telicota linna.
Male brand narrow & in the middle of the black space; base of space 2 black.
UnH veins across the band not dark-dusted ; ground dusky.
Face & lower abdomen paler.
Males.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qDEk4MIq_7Y/Vz1fLcMFHjI/AAAAAAAAmUA/i3pASYZomYsQt82Qg10lMbyNBvB3lzhogCLcB/s1600/TL_male_05.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/174391251/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/249769260/large.jpeg
Females.Veins not darken.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-V0JtdnjTgI4/Vz1T-_3fA0I/AAAAAAAAmSI/DLZvlw-zP2EpVbHJDAHRcHltKSePCr0hACLcB/s1600/TL_female_02.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/206256629/large.jpeg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Seeking your assistance to ID the follow butterflies.

Thank you!

1) Similar to the skipper that Zick shot, but on a different day.

Could this be Pemara pugnans? Antennae wholly black below and looked to have course scaling?
28176

2) Baoris sp.?
28177

3) Lasippa heliodore?
28178

4) Pelopidas mathias?
28179

5) Pelopidas mathias?

28180

6) Telicota besta?
28181

7) Telicota besta as well?
28182

[Psyche]

Post 89.
1. Permara pugnans.
Note abial palp have a black line.

2. Baoris probably oceia.
Black antennal club.reduced spot.
B. farri female is said always to have a full complement of spots
male. Yunnan
https://live.staticflickr.com/8293/7863317448_8bd63b4cb4_b.jpg
Female Singapore probable.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EtcxesbOyIk/VdHf7WDSv0I/AAAAAAAAjYY/IRs74NSEqSo/s1600/Baoris_farri_newly_eclosed_01.jpg

3. Lasippa tiga.
Submarginal spot 3 is twice the width as spot 4 above it. (Always described in the set position)

4 & 5 male & female P. mathias.
UnH with sullied ground colour & dark shading.

6. Male Telicota linna.
Veins are marked in yellow with barely any dark scaling
Face & underpart whitish.

7. Male Telicota besta.
Veins are raised & with dots of brown running along them.
Only face whitish.


TL Seow:Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Would like to check if the following skipper is Caltoris bromus?

2818328184
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/149217007 (link here for higher res photos)

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 91.

Yes. This is a fine example of a male Caltoris bromus.

Caltoris bromus.
Antenna with prominent pale area.
FW subapical spots typically two.
FW cellspot two.Very rarely the upper cellspot may be reduced or absent.
UnH uniformly brown with ochreous overlay.
The female is the only species here that may have HW spots in space 2 & 3.

Examples of males in Singapore.
https://i13.photobucket.com/albums/a288/SunnyChir/Bin/Sunny-Chir-1D4-7107--25_08_2014_zpsd5aebfd1.png
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/131436413
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/38212403
Female.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/13664032


Caltoris cahira is similar but the UnH is uniformly dark chocolate.

It is much rarer in Singapore.

Male in Singapore.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/97774898

Females Singapore.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7l1dr3n_gKc/UNkf7-O6cQI/AAAAAAAAIJg/leZVbtGOi8k/s1600/DFP+2252+Caltoris+bromus.jpg

The 2nd pic here is that of Caltoris malaya.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/125617950


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Seeking your assistance to verify the IDs of the following skippers. Thank you!

1. Could this finally be Pelopidas conjunctus?

Almost as large as my thumb; HW cell spot present; HW spots white & FW spots appear yellow.

28198

2. Baoris sp.? Maybe B. farri?

28199

3. Caltoris cormasa?

28200

4. Caltoris malaya?

No pale regions on antenna, no FW cell spot and appear yellowish.

28201

5. Could this be Caltoris bromus?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/150484243

[Psyche]

Post 93.

I am afraid your attachments do not show up as images.

5.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/150484243
This would be Caltoris bromus female.
Note also in Caltoris bromus & malaya the FW & HW ground colour are about the same.
In C. cahira & cormasa the HW is a deeper darker shade.

Addendum Here the male C. bromus is without HW spot & the female usually but not always have them.
A recent study in Nepal 2022, shows both sexes (?always) have HW spots .
It is thus possible that the occasional male here may have HW spot.


TL Seow; Cheers.

[sabafish]

Oops sorry let me reupload them!

1. Could this finally be Pelopidas conjunctus?

Almost as large as my thumb; HW cell spot present; HW spots white & FW spots appear yellow.

28202

2)Baoris sp.? Maybe B. farri?

28203

3) Caltoris cormasa?

28204

4) Caltoris malaya?

No pale regions on antenna, no FW cell spot and appear yellowish.

28205

[Psyche]

Post 95.

1. Pelopidas conjuctus male.
FW spots yellow & at least twice as large as the white HW spots.
Upper cellspot if visible often large & oblong.
Many misidentification on the web.

Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20conjunctus%20conjunctus/PC_adult_Khew_03.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photos/30652422/large.jpeg
Females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20conjunctus%20conjunctus/PC_adult_01.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/224951353/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/175374436/large.jpg

P. mathias male & female. Note FW spot size.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20mathias%20mathias/small%20banded%20swift%20-bene.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20mathias%20mathias/Small%20Branded%20Swift%20-%202%20-%20Sum%20Chee%20Ming.jpg


2. Baoris female presumbly B. farri.
The pale patch at the HW cellend is diagnostic if present.
Note also the more strongly banded abdomen.
In other countries, B. farri female (& often male as well) is fully spotted thus the name Complete Paintbrush Swift.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/1611_64535-546-5f3e27902226b-2_0.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/03BaorisFarri_RohitGirotra_ad839_0.jpg
In Singapore most females are not fully spotted. So an element of doubt here.

3. Caltoris cormasa male.
Typial example. Note the reddish tone.

4 Caltoris malaya male.
The male is rusty brown & the paler female ochreous brown.


TL Seow : Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Please help to ID for the following butterflies. Thank you!

1. Miletus symethus?

Sorry for the far photo.

28229

2. Pelopidas agna?

28230

3. Looks to be a different subspecies of Idea leuconoe from Idea leuconoe chersonesia.

Would you be able to differentiate which subspecies this is? Likely an escapee from the zoo.

28232

[Psyche]

Post 97.

1. Miletus symethus .Female.
Note white shadings at apex of FW & HW.

2. Typical Pelopidas agna male.
Note uniform ground colour without irregular shadings.

3. Idea leuconoe clara.
The usual ssp kept in Butterfly houses is ssp clara from Taiwan.
The interneural (between the veins) arrowheads on the HW are very small.
There is probably an escapee population in Singapore.

Ssp. clara.
https://knowledge.taibif.tw/sites/default/files/imagecache/node-gallery-display/00013454.jpg


TL Seow; Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Can I check if this is Lasippa tiga or Lasippa heliodore?

28236

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 99.

Lasippa tiga male.
28237

Lasippa tiga.
FW submarginal spot 3 is at least twice as wide as that of spot 2 & 4 ,both which are equally narrow.
Male.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20tiga%20siaka/ML_Horace_01.jpg
Female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20tiga%20siaka/Maalyan%20Lascar%20-%20Khew.jpg

Lasippa heliodore.
Male .FW submarginal spot 3 is as wide as spot 4. Spot is as wide or narrower.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20heliodore%20dorelia/Burmese%20Lascar%20-%20Horace%20Tan.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dCiPo215IYM/U6VaH8dJGZI/AAAAAAAAMLo/e-ZE7-lYzH4/s1600/BurmeseLascar-LokePF.jpg
Female FW submarginal spot 3 is about 1.5 X as wide as spot 4.; spot 2 is alway narrower than spot 4.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Lasippa%20heliodore%20dorelia/BurmeseLascar_female_Horace_02.jpg

TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

It's been awhile, and i'm back to seek your assistance to ID and confirm the following species.


1) Could this be Lasippa heliodore?

28383
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/162280010


2) I believe this is Lasippa tiga? Just that spot 3 does not really look to be twice of spot 2 and 4; though the tongue is not well defined.

28384
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/176612144

3) Could this be Telicota augias?

No dark scaling on HW so I rule out T.besta. No staggered arrangement on FW so I rule out T.colon. Face and body doesn't look to be as pale as a typical T. linna. This individual looked to be a little more orange than yellow without flash.

Looking forward to hear your opinions!

283852838628387

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/176612143

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 101.

28388

1. Female Lasippa heliodore.

2. Female Lasippa tiga.

Lasippa heliodore.
FW submarginal spot 3 spot 3 as wide as spot 4 ,& both twice as wide as spot 2.
Tongue spot at cellend often better delineated in black
Males.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102081774
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/144489127
Females
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/143711454
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/159796253
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/162280010


Lasippa tiga
FW cellend tongue spot often less defined.
FW submarginal spot 3 twice as wide as spot 2 & 4.
Male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/174888488
Female.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173761163

Lasippa tiga is very common while L. heliodore is rather rare.


The spots are described in the set position, ie a set specimen.
The numbering of the spot are as for the species.

It is tempting to describe spot 3 as taller than spot 2 or 4.
Describing as you like soon leads to complications.
I have read some descriptions of species in Wikipedia by citizen scientists & find them incomprehensible.

[Psyche]

Post 101.

3. Male Telicota besta bina.
The upperside pic . with space 2 base orange & the slightly curved brand (nearer inner border of black space)is undoubtably that of T. besta.

Despite there being 4 (possibly 5) species in Singapore the Telicota species prove very difficult to ID in field shots.


28389
Telicota colon.
This is easily IDed because FW spots 4 & 5 are staggered out from spot 3.
Spots 4 & 5 are often distorted.
The female have more regular spots 4 & 5 & is harder to ID.
Male
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/16412344
Female.
Female have the upper FW cellend bar 2X longer than the lower one.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6234960
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/19466893


Telicota besta. Colour in fieldshots very variable.
This is closely related to T. colon
FW with an orange patch at the base of space 2 (visible also on the underside. Females of all species lack this patch.
Male brand set near to the inner border of the black space so there is an area of black adjacent to it.
Female with upper FW cellend bar loner (as in T. colon female).
Underside with veins lightly dark-dusted, usually with raised veins & shadowlines.
Males.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/17850769
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NbpYa8XexNw/VJQtyK97NHI/AAAAAAAASl0/i77WR2aduOU/s1600/DSC_0294.JPG
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6-BjVfqOIQ0/U1vGug7ph3I/AAAAAAAAdO0/Emv5HEJEs0M/s1600/TB_adult_male_up_01.jpg
Females.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-P5w37zUj7Bo/U1vGmLYjGiI/AAAAAAAAdOs/OuhLXLLVMTg/s1600/TB_adult_female_up_01.jpg
https://butterflycircle.blogspot.com/2014/05/life-history-of-besta-palm-dart.html


Telicota augias. Very bright orangey usually.
Male FW with an orange patch at the base of space 2 as in T. colon & besta.
More uniform deep orange ,veins not dark dusted.
Male brand large filling the black space. Abdominal end orange, only lightly shaded.
Female with upper cellend bar longer as in the other two species.
Female more orange than other, HW band deeper orange & contrasted (like Cephrene trichopepla.)

Males.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-y3LkExqbZs8/VgoXg4gxecI/AAAAAAAABhk/g-Exi9WYzh8/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_2.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6Q/U6ZQMNh6IkI/AAAAAAAAOPs/KFaTN4_wis4/s1600/HFH_2956-Palm-Dart-(Telicota-augias-augias).jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/92869158
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/96594881
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/30099087

Note UnH veins not dark-dusted; UpF with space 2 base orange & large brand filling the black space.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/104101569

Females.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/20417040
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/29427418
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/20417040



Telicota linna.
Male& female UnH veins not dark-dusted,
Male base of space 2 black. Abdominal end shaded darker.Underside ground colour tend to be duskier.
Female with both FW cellend bars short.
Underparts often paler.

Males.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-79Gj7N-1GXc/Vz1Td5Ld2HI/AAAAAAAAmR4/95Ux0hx6rvQBix7nmXm2PYZenG8olIQ2wCLcB/s1600/TL_male_01.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qDEk4MIq_7Y/Vz1fLcMFHjI/AAAAAAAAmUA/i3pASYZomYsQt82Qg10lMbyNBvB3lzhogCLcB/s1600/TL_male_05.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/148087973
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/145415503


Females.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GfwkAkMITv4/VznhAIMptEI/AAAAAAAAmRM/XZFGfFws7_85wUXm9JQLC3HCEb1zfXuZgCLcB/s1600/TL_female_up_01.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/145490544
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/131436418
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/121857183


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Seeking your assistance to ID the following skippers. As the forum seemed to not be functioning properly for me on web, please access the iNat links to view the photos.

Thank you!

1) Telicota besta? as there seemed to be dark dusting on HW wings.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181036284

2) Pelopidas agna?
uniform brown colour and larger than P. mathias.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539431

3) Telicota besta?
Quite orange but based on the male brand drawing it seemed to resemble more to T. besta.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539441

4) Pelopidas sp.

Initial impression is P. conjuctus but the FW spots doesnt look to be much larger than HW spot? So probably P. agna?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539446

5) Pelopidas agna?

Uniform brown and larger than typical P. mathias.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539447

6) Pelopidas mathias?
Dirty mix of grey and brown.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539453

7) Telicota sp.

Rather orange but probably leaning towards T. besta.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181540099

[Psyche]

Post 104.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181036284
1.Female Telicota besta.
Dull colour ;veins dark-dusted.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539431
2. Female Pelopidas agna.
Uniform ochreous brown.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539441
3. Telicota besta male.
Note brand nearer the triangular orange patch in space 2 than the main band.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6-BjVfqOIQ0/U1vGug7ph3I/AAAAAAAAdO0/Emv5HEJEs0M/s1600/TB_adult_male_up_01.jpg


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539446
4. Male Pelopidas agna.
Note some FW spots are visible, & are small & not yellow.
Male & female P. conjunctus.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20conjunctus%20conjunctus/PC_adult_Khew_03.jpg
https://www.thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Pelopidas-conjunctus-1080x675.jpg


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539447
5. Female Pelopidas agna.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539453
6. Male Pelopidas agna.
FW is rather tattered & worn .HW colour unoform.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181540099
7. Male Telicota besta.
Fairly typical, with raised veins & dark linings.



TL Seow: CHeers.
PS. P. mathias & agna males with upperside confirmation.

P. mathias males.
UpF spots 2 & 3 quadrate ; Underside with dirty uneven shadings.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/622_68478-963-5f687d8457890-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/622_68478-963-5f687d8457890-2.jpg

https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/1256_84291-663-60df0a966070e-2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/1256_84291-663-60df0a966070e-3.jpg


P. agna males.
UpF spots 2 & 3 narrow; Underside uniform brown, without dirty shadings.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/759_85741-286-611114fb1355a-2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/759_85741-286-611114fb1355a-3.jpg

https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/622_68508-121-5f68836d28b93-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/622_68508-121-5f68836d28b93-2.jpg

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Could you help to verify the following 2 skippers please.

Thank you!

1) Potanthus trachala?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641821

2) Caltoris sp. Maybe C. bromus?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641820

[Psyche]

Post 106.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641821
1. Potanthus trachala. Female on the left )greyer).
Note FW spots 4 & 5 are only connected above & below by the spikes to the other.
HW upper block of the band projected outwards.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641820
2. Caltoris bromus male.

Three species have more prominent pale areas on the antennal shafts.

Caltoris bromus
FW typically with two large subapical spots ;upper cellspot also large.
HW dark brown & nearly the same tone as FW.
Female paler, with HW spots 2 & 3.
Male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/163945647


Caltoris cahira.
FW with large subapical spots (2 usually) & upper cellspot.
HW dark chocolate brown without red tone contrasting with FW.
Male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/183638559
Female.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7l1dr3n_gKc/UNkf7-O6cQI/AAAAAAAAIJg/leZVbtGOi8k/s1600/DFP+2252+Caltoris+bromus.jpg


Caltoris cormasa.
FW subapical spots small two or often three. Upper cellspot small.
HW heavily overlaid with redbrown scales.
Redder tone than in all other species.
Males.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/151597328
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/162264663
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/176612106
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178143673
Note subapical spots are small. Less red example.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641828
Females.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/147253163
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173170595
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173170576

Caltoris malaya
Pale area on the antennae weak or none.
FW subapical spots usually two. Cellspot usually none ,ocassionally a tiny one.
male rusty brown, female more ochreous.
Male. Note front antenna no pale area.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/133445751
Female.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/161212993
With a tiny upper cellspot but only on the underside.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181903883

Other confusion.
Baoris species.
FW subapical spots reduced.
Upper cellspot may be crescentic.
Antennae mostly black.
HW may have aq pale area at cellend.
[B]Abdomen noticeably banded.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/165866621
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/151120606

Female probably B. farri.
Full complement of spots, black antennae, banded abdomen.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/153765692


Male Quedara monteithi.
No FW spot, bulging palpi (labial palps).
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/164372780



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Managed to uncover this photo in my archives.

Could this be Rapala damona?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184711958

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 108.

Yes. It is a female Rapala damona.

The two R. suffusa & damona are closely similar.
HW with the postdiscal band in space 1b, above the speckled patch arched or domed.
FW postdiscal band distinctly curved in toward s the costa.

Rapala suffusa.
HW speckled patch in space 1b usually occupy half or less of the marginal zone.
Orange crown in space 2 not visible, merging with the ground colour.
Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Rapala%20suffusa%20barthema/SuffushFlash_Jonathan.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/59847707
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/73307440
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/30675458
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/122791984
Females.
https://s3.amazonaws.com/production-chroma/prism-thumbnails/photos/5eacab0f3c12ef2e6c93e4a0/d17422f2f564476faac77b74107b7996.jpg-resize_then_fit-_frame_bg_color_FAFAFA-h_353-crop_width_464-gravity_center-preserve_ratio_true-w_353-crop_height_464-crop_y_90-crop_x_152_.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Rapala%20suffusa%20barthema/SuffushFlash_Ellen.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-66Xxi-yYPLc/Ux_ApPzQX9I/AAAAAAAALxM/g4QCADCzDrM/s1600/SuffusedFlash-SunnyC.png
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/60172517
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/59960237

Rapala damona.
HW speckled patch occupy 80% or more of the marginal zone in space 1b.
HW orange crown not well-defined, weak, obscure or not visible.
Males
https://farm5.staticflickr.com/4687/38607975864_729e6a2623_c.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181903884
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/183617588
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124369699
Females.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184711958
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184248821
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124682032
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184376205


TL Seow: cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Can I check if this skipper is Parnara bada?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/188256849

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 110.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/188256849
Yes. It is.
28460

Parnara species.
antennae short & the clubs thick.
UpF subapical spots 6 & 7in line; if spot 8 is present, it is usually also in line.
UnH may have a diffuse cellend spot.
UnH spot 7 is always absent.

Two known species in Singapore.


Parnra bada.
unH spots variable & may be entirely absent.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/145116379
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/186224442
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135756671
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/185704994


Parnara ganga.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93040001.html
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7874934
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135217962
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/140252167


Probably this below is Parnara ganga.
FW spot 3 is oblong & seem nearer spot 2,( the margins of spot 2 blurry) & UnH spots relatively large.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/33117386


Tl Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Could you help to shed light on what this Arhopala could be?

Thank you.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/189320986

[Psyche]

Post 112.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/189320986

This practically certain to be a female Arhopala milleri.
Note the longer palpi (labial palps) The abdominal end with a longer slant cut.
Compare with a male A. sublustris given below.



Three species recorded in Singapore are very similar & almost impossible to identify correctly.

A. sublustris is the most common
UnF postdiscal band uppermost spot 9 is typically dislocated & shifted inwards on the costal margin.
UnH spot 6 widest at the top & tapers down wards.
Male upperside bright blue, more reflective.
Female with HW brown border wide. FW blue not reaching the tornal margin, brown border being uniformly broad
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4f/82170010.html
This is likely A. sublustris male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/189202433
See Otsuka L206.


A. milleri.
UnF postdiscal band spot 9 less dislocated ,sometime in line with the rest.
HW spot 6 as in A. sulustris
Male darkisk less reflective blue.
Female UpF blue reaches tornal margin ,HW brownish blue reaches the margin.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4f/82160001.html
see Otsuka L207 for female.


A. normani .
UnF spot 9 slightly dislocated.
UnH spot 6 with the side margins straighter.
Male upperside darker blue than A. sublustris.
Female as in A. sublustris.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4f/82140001.html
Otsuka L212.


If you don't have Otsuka you can get a free download.
http://www17.plala.or.jp/jamides/Borneobook/borneo-e.html

It looks a perfect match.


TL Seow :Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

could the following skipper be Pelopidas assamensis?

It was way larger than P. mathias and P. agna; roughly 1.5x P. conjuncta with large FW spots.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/191449162

Thank you!

[Psyche]

It is a female Pelopidas conjunctus.

The two larger species differs in that both sexes have a spot in FW space 1b (both sides).

In P agna & mathias, only the female have this spot.

Size reference.
P. mathias FW 16-18mm.
P. agna FW 17-20 mm.

P. assamensis is very large FW 25.5- 26.5 mm.
FW & HW with prominently white spots, large on the FW.
Antenna with a white band that goes nearly all round.
Females
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/31291038
https://www.nparks.gov.sg/-/media/ffw/migrated/round2/fauna/1104/a87a7581389d4b6ca2361ef46f461e50.ashx
Probable male.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Pelopidas%20assamensis/Great%20Swift%20-%20Tan%20Ben%20Jin.jpg


Pelopidas conjunctus FW 21.5 to 23.5 mm.
Antenna with a pale area mostly on the underside & not prominent.
UnH spots are white but UnF spots are yellow & large.
Males.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/151597347
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/19877822
Females.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FvDO3Lfw_To/VwiMznz4M2I/AAAAAAAAmCc/nvyGYR91VEIRPMXu_8UtbWohigle6IdhQ/s1600/PC_adult_Khew_03.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/155888799
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/132122838

Much more common than P. assamensis.


TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr. Seow,

Could I check if this skipper could be Zographetus ogygia?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/242493174

Thank you!

Sebastian

[Psyche]

Post 116.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/242493174

Yes. This is Zographetus ogygia.

There are two identical species, Z. ogygia & ogygioides.
Only Z. ogygia have been recorded in Singapore.
https://m.singapore.biodiversity.online/species/A-Arth-Hexa-Lepidoptera-000428

The difference is in the male.
The male of Z. ogygia have streaks of specialised scales (brands) on the UpF.
The male of Z. ogygioides lacks these specialised scales.
The separation of the females is as Eliot puts it a matter of guesswork.

There is a good pic of a male Z. ogygia which shows these.
If you use google zoom you can see several streaks between the large spot 2 & the cubitus (lower arm of the FW cell), in particular two longer streaks on either side of vein 2 (which appears dark).
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkgrdZsxxk1Khj41_I1n8H187ss0BWwDV2Ecs468u7t5 VE3mhXRD63h7IoP9gRecNSblhkWKf3qyf7Zs5-iOOtT0ZKW9Dg9eo_4Y9Q7xS2Is3dEANeyVLmQfptajz5H6fhsB gbhVLCEhR1/s1600/Zogygia-JonS.jpg
https://butterflycircle.blogspot.com/2017/04/featuring-some-recent-additions-to.html

In Thailand they are called Rusty Flitter & Red Flitter but this does not seem helpful.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Zographetus-ogygia
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Zographetus-ogygioides

In India it is even more complicated.
They are two main forms, both treated as Zographetus ogygia ogygia,ie same taxonomic name as here.
The one in the northeast is roughly similar .
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/ZographetusOgygia_RudraprasadDas_as937_0.jpg
The one in south India is quite different, rather like Z. satwa.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/02ZographetusOgygia_SajiKandoth_ae970.jpg
These probably need revision.

TL Seow: Cheers.