Skipper ID request - Penang Island

[SL Liew]

Hi Dr Seow,
Can help me id these found in Penang Hill on August 11, 2023. Thank you.

1. Puddling
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177897250

2. Nectaring. I think same as #1??
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177899738

3. Not able to see underside. Basking. Is this Iambrix salsa salsa?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177899747

Observed awhile back Sep 2022 in Penang Hill. Was hoping to encounter it again to take better tornal view photos but no luck yet.
Can please confirm this Choaspes species id? Thanks.
4.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137014182

[Psyche]

1 & 2.
Caltoris tulsi.
Very distinctive.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93370001.html

3. Iambrix salsala male.
Male may have some ochreous spots.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91470001.html

4. Choaspes subcaudatus.
Tail folds into a sharp point at rest.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Choaspes-subcaudatus-crawfurdi
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Choaspes-subcaudatus-1.jpg

Choaspes stigmatus.
very similar but tail folds into a blunt tip at rest.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Choaspes-stigmatus2.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Choaspes-stigmatus-1.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

Thanks so much Dr. Seow for id and detailed explanation. Appreciate it! SL :)

[SL Liew]

Dear Dr. Seow, Can please confirm if both are Notocrypta paralysos varians. Seen in Penang Hill on August 11, 2023. Thanks.

5.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178177310

6.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178177305

[Psyche]

Post 4

1. Notocrypta paralysos.
White not reaching the margin. Spot 4 can be absent.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91600020.html


2. Notocrypta clavata.female.
White band reaches margin (by an extra white spot here).
Spot 4 usually absent.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91610010.html


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

Thanks Dr. Seow,
Need to clarify. You mentioned N.clavata white band reached margin by extra spot, that is for this photo, right?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178177310

[Psyche]

Thanks Dr. Seow,
Need to clarify. You mentioned N.clavata white band reached margin by extra spot, that is for this photo, right?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178177310

Normally the white band reaches the margin broadly on the underside in N. clavata, in both sexes.
The female may have an extra spot joining the band to the margin on the upperside.
The male white band always fall short of the margin on the upperside.
See the single female from Ranong.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91610010.html

The ID of N. clavata is based on the white band broadly reaching the costal margin on the underside.


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

Thanks for the noting the differences on upperside and underside and gender differences of this species. Hopefully, I can encounter this species again and take more photos on both sides. This one was just basking in the morning and then flew off. Appreciate your helpful info.