ID request - Sungai Sedim, Kedah - January 12, 2024

[SL Liew]

Hi Dr. Seow,
How are you? Request help to id these observed at Sungai Sedim, Kedah on January 12, 2024. Thank you.

#1 Tagiades sp?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425219

#2 Skipper?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196474677

#3 Arhopala?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425221

#4 Mycalesis?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425220

#5 Pyroneura latoia??
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425218

#6 Hidari doesoena - how to tell the difference from Hidari irava?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425034

[Psyche]

Thank you. I am fine.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425219

1. Female Tagiades parra

Two species are very similar in especially in the males.
They have the white tornal area with relatively straight margins.

They may be separated by the HW marginal black spots.
The largest black spot is at vein 2.

T. gana.
HW with spot 3 present but spot 1b to the inside of spot 2 absent.
Female with smaller white area.
(spot 1b can be present on the underside.)
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90830001.html

t. parra
HW with both spot 3 & spot 1b present ie there are three spots.
Female with larger white area.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90840020.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90840010.html

[Psyche]

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196474677

2. Male Isma umbrosa.
White spotted antennae & HW spots are distinctive.
In Isma umbrosa male ,HW spots are large, FW cellspots woth lower elongate.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91920001.html


Some species lack HW spots, eg I. iapis, protoclea, cronus.

Other have both FW cellspots long.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91970010.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91960001.html

Only I. feralia looks similar but the FW spots are narrow.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91900010.html

[SL Liew]

Thanks for the ids.

[Psyche]

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425221

3. Probably Arhopala amphimuta.

The markings are as for the amphimuta group.
the HW is without the tornal white spot & the HW margin is slightly tooth so it should be A. amphimuta or major.
the Hw "V" spot is not quite with equal arms but the band above it(comprising of 4 spots) is fairly straight & this usually suggest A. amphimuta.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-J9Xmngyim6A/UZiTd2FbmPI/AAAAAAAAKLU/giYImR17uDw/s1600/HFH+4500+Arhopala+amphimuta+amphimuta.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0vE0xj8sB_ttZj2eMcn5koHbVso42WSKQi48Mmgif0J gW52lnet021gRuiXaaCpxmOw2yxlsgKnLB8JnHxEyMvcQHyVvb qGEwHXtCkjO33TSB1QrLMQK4Mi0Yts1RwHrRAjfJcNzwOtE/s1600/A_amphimuta_Simon_01.jpg

In A. major, the "V" spot is invariably distorted & the postdiscal band above it always appear to be dislocated.
Typical examples.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj22g7gZfPpEj0kddIrEzACgzAZLLmyIWco22aVpkRsC7 XL90JDXIadTiLvmkmEwZZyJnoCbnKgkrnh6egu_5w_dixfxgGX QRG27GwfVT0eyD9HRtmAPWTOeau6ifE1nmUXryEATXOGJN4G/s1600/A_major_adult_Jonathan_01.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-YWNjfvewzCjeDsAM6vdTwRGBvugHBEiTBV4zsprxF5VdMuYA5x x5sJ0_uzR-GFxSP5nwE9lfXDnc1J8MvkPSGNbnuoYXVW6hlYSqOve93IIWDa OPVWE3WsIMmi7d_vwza-9kPl-7ae5W/s1600/A_major_adult_female_02.jpg



https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425220

4. Mycalesis mineus.

The white striae around the eyespots are always thin.
The lower four HW spots are in line.
HW dark discal line is always weak or obsolete.
The inner margins of the eyespots on the HW forms a triangular indentation in the upper third.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdRjb3i7XYfThnJm8lsOpK6PBDMvptoWkQ9WV6X5XB9z nue_AFkx_3T5ceuvs7OrT1I5Bv1jO2skp_ztjyJm99YMLRE0UB FuMFNZ5STACiYXBNPLZ1Da5uVFal5G7vzCiytSAvrphd6Uql/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/MM_adult_Loke_02.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Mycalesis%20mineus%20macromalayana/MM_adult_01.jpg

[Psyche]

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425218

6. Pyroneura flavia male.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/346005745/large.jpeg
The upperside FW shows a broad orange band along the costal margin.
This is not seen in species like eg P. latoia, P. derna.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92030001.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92050001.html

Of the three species with a broad orange costal band, in P. helena (at least in the male.) the band merged with the cell orange.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92000001.html
So this is either P. flavia or P. natuna.
The two may be difficult to separate in fieldshots, but
P natuna have a an opalescent streak in FW space 5 ( much as in P. latoia)
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92010001.html
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_OoI2F3K-8E/VK53dOfJtBI/AAAAAAAATYo/36wIHPsiWP8/s1600/DSC_0079.JPG

P. flavia have the opalescent streak obsolete or very obscure.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92020010.html
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Pyroneura-flavia.jpg

So this is clearly P. flavia.



https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196425034

7. H. doesoena
This species is larger with the underside darker purple brown.
The FWs are narrowly acute.
FW spots are close together but not visible here.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92480001.html
Underside.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Hidari-dosoena-1080x675.jpg

H. irava.
https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS8qIJ7l9Gf2j9hcxSIPO-z6IrFRQKurY0vxsWAICeksUFKmt-9


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

Wow.. thanks so much Dr. Seow.