ID request - Butterflies of Penang - Yan, Kedah - Taiping, Perak - January 2024

[SL Liew]

Hi Dr Seow,
Request your kind help to id these species. Thank you.

#1
Euploea? Location: Bayan Baru township, Penang Island - Jan 31, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051521

#2
Rapala? Location: Hutan Lipur Titi Hanyun, near Yan, Kedah - Jan 28, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198112757

#3
Allotinus? Location: Sungai Sedim, Kedah - Jan 30, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198069467

#4
Skipper? Location: Sungai Sedim, Kedah - Jan 30, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198021011

#5
Skipper? Location: Sungai Sedim, Kedah - Jan 30, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051281

#6
Arhopala? Location: Sungai Sedim, Kedah - Jan 30, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051271

#7
Arhopala? Location: Sungai Sedim, Kedah - Jan 30, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051261

#8
Athyma nefte subrata?? Location: Sungai Sedim, Kedah - Jan 30, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197990775

#9
Flash? Location: Taman Eko-Rimba Batu Hampar, near Yan, Kedah - Jan 28, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197853370

#10
Miletus? Location: Hutan Lipur Titi Hanyun, near Yan, Kedah - Jan 28, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197839011

#11
Parnara? Location: Hutan Lipur Titi Hanyun, near Yan, Kedah - Jan 28, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197838984

#12
Grass Skipper? Location: Hutan Lipur Titi Hanyun, near Yan, Kedah - Jan 28, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197838986

#13
Grass Skipper? Location: Hutan Lipur Titi Hanyun, near Yan, Kedah - Jan 28, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197838978


#14
Grass Skipper? Location: Sungai Ara, Penang Island - Jan 25, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197521787

#15
Euploea crameri?? Location: Sungai Ara, Penang Island - Jan 25, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197521762

#16
Grass Skipper? Location: Taiping, Perak - Jan 20, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197184899

#17
Euploea? Location: Taiping, Perak - Jan 20, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197184884

#18
Grass Skipper? Location: Taiping, Perak - Jan 20, 24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197160071

[Psyche]

1.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051521

There appear to be two species & perhaps several individuals.

Pix 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6 appear to be Euploea doubledayi .(Probably E. doubledayi occur in Penang after all.)
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981433/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981435/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981434/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981436/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981438/large.jpeg

The 2nd pic here shows a narrow brand & the HW with longer stripe-like spots.
The dull blue-black FW sheen indicate it should be E. doubledayii.
The UpF of E. eyndhovii is dark brown.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30640010.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30660010.html


Pix 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, & 11.should be Euploea algea.
The HW submarginal spots are shorter bars, longest at the tornus & tapers upwards.
The upperside have a deep dark blue brilliance.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30600010.html
The male brand is broad & long.
https://www.reddit.com/r/Butterflies/comments/oku18m/euploea_algea_malaysia/
https://eol.org/pages/46799999

Other similar species have the HW submarginal spots more uniform in size.

https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30500001.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30760010.html

[Psyche]

2. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198112757

Uncertain. It does look like a female Rapala iarbus but the diffuse orange & the incurved HW postdiscal band suggest a member in the Tajuria group.


3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198069467

Female Allotinus horsfieldii

HW postdiscal spot 6 under 7 close to spot 7.
Female with longer broad-based teeth.
Male & female.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Allotinus-horsfieldi-permagnus-2.jpg
https://pamsbutterflies.com/butterfly/223/allotinus-horsfieldi-permagus


Allotinus unicolor.
HW spot 6 rounded & set well inside of spot 7.
Female with short broad teeth.
Male & female.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidJa4JuJtrz9QGYqRzjMA9q1Me1yPGP5_trwghPdpfd7 skVkt6V_ky1XVzFBy0U0rZ_hU65eIuMg5TIdWCAqXUFy-PxWQc141a3vhm9mHoR7V2VtYw8nRsaxOE0ryVJvqes8bGZKrYf TM/s1600/LesserDarkwing-ChngCK.jpg
https://butterflycircle.blogspot.com/2015/12/butterfly-of-month-december-2015.html

[Psyche]

4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198021011
Male Isma iapis.
Antennal club with white patch; UnH with diffuse dark spots.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/isma-iapis/isma-iapis-3/
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PwmCuojGfOw/UqKRLYkqdJI/AAAAAAAALrs/aufE6s88His/s1600/DSC_0314.JPG


5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051281
Male Polytremis lubricans.

FW cellspots combined in a figure of eight.
FW spot 2 large & semi-oval.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytremis_lubricans#/media/File:Polytremis_lubricans_1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/PolytremisLubricans_VivekSarkar_ap206.jpg

[Psyche]

6. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051271

Too blurry. Looks most like A. major.


7. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051261

Arhopala epimuta.
There is just enough visibility in pix 4 & 5 to see the pattern of HW spots 5, 6, & 7.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXAvCvKtp9AOJH4JRtTBaZ1tq78wCKAz3Yj6blyZ3UqR 4K-2aDve-jrsN9IKgmkSXKXjWCNMjK3Ly74kN5c1vBOWPvIgMt1pwNnDkIa ST6mUedpb6BOtNVinB5ms_Xl2S7oCbr2vqtTfX5/s1600/AE_adult_02.jpg



8. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197990775

Female Athyma nefte.



The female of the two species differ in the shape of the FW cell-bar, the tip in nefte being sinuous.

Female A. nefte.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOX_Im-0pGs84bKdnPlabKXCA3rrScDSVAyTEECtYdxL6TVzm9Tryx7GT 15oYTRAeUOddJQDNQ52_CXlYW7JUusSX8QP_sDKQPVIl5xh2uV LAVv9coZaYQciqIECOu6bUCtKlz26riLoE/s1600/ColourSergeant-KSK.jpg

Female A. reta.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Athyma%20reta%20moorei/MSS_female_05.jpg

[Psyche]

9. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197853370
Should be right as Rapala iarbus .(There is just no other match.)

The sharper FWs just a male, but this is likely a perspective distortion.
The wider dark border on the FW margin(termen0)& the colour indicate a female.

What appear to be curved black marks on the HWs are deep shadows.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4i/84040001.html



10. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197839011

Miletus. Too worn to Id.

[Psyche]

11. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197838984

Probably Parnara ganga.
have the large spots as seen in P. ganga.
However a small spot 6 is present.
Eliot with another author state HW spot 6 is usually absent in P. ganga & present P. apostata.
HW spots can vary in both species.
This looks more towards P. ganga.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93040001.html
https://butterfliesvietnam.blogspot.com/2015/08/135-parnara-ganga-continental-swift.html

P. apostata .The upperside is almost black.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93020001.html
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-R1LW7DbcOyk/VNgK7w0RwAI/AAAAAAAAT8g/B1MxF3sWNBY/s1600/DSC_0338.JPG

P. bada have UnH spots usually small & separated.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-r10tmE1ODKA/UPa4h8TT-8I/AAAAAAAAIw0/fRcHm9s-F9M/s1600/LKW+2009+parnara+bada.jpg

[Psyche]

12. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197838986
Male Pelopidas mathias.

13. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197838978
Female Pelopidas mathias.

Pelopidas mathias.
HW with a spot in the cell.
Ground is grey-tinged, irregularly shaded with a dirty look.
Males.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUFqW-e_gqYy2dEBn6ZY2X5_eqJ_1Z0T0TcRkGUBMB9cfsAd2VTFImzX gtW86zya7VXlk0p0HWWzrWS5hu8lQ0cmN2CZ-ynmnp4L2ZkxLXB2de5KHISOiQJ7loXqhCH2Jtb6Aa2rM8gYbc/s1600/SBS_adult_Benedict_01.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/budak/52095880333
https://www.flickr.com/photos/budak/51631121777
Females.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2LvsRsD6nwX-tuvk5jT3fqhVUYW-8x64bL2MK9Vf8j_NJkiEeeo95tv6Xd6_W2uZl5wsKL8F_DlSyM _ZwxITHOkGvbMlN9fQYLZkvIoaCMr1lPLYBgRxz2FYbSGgUhF5 ZZ0_AgQuJz6Nr/s1600/SBS_adult_01.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikV4yBgrrocdxjFkems10lVno206Lx9R1q0chKNNZ5zM hHIJoAhOOxz70crSkX0VpXSzBbwxmNs5RNpolGUS-ba4d_b0am9fHCqvJIme9JmsjHrXFC0eohxXtzCV3nRecg1qebe Bu0aFIM/s1600/SBS_adult_underside_02.jpg


Pelopidas agna.
Similar but UnH with a more uniform clean look, not grey-tinged.
Male UpF with spot 2 & 3 narrow.
Males.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/759_85741-286-611114fb1355a-2.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Hw681ALm5FU/UFXjb_4D9qI/AAAAAAAAGl0/5g2mXz48cNs/s1600/DSC2521+Small+Branded+Swift+.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqCQMwQbUTIf7SCnhoUekPZxmfNRc8RQw5yyJwmrN8V7 002lHk0mLjQGOH1_xQsbFPGqQSpxmHisRlwlFSEw8bCzQXKXL0 0kCIwYLxB5WdKFz0Wsaxu0i8z3pFgpnN158DqJru2k-H6oo/s1600/PA_male_05a.jpg
Females.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIjIEMEPKf9vbz5v4JVtYe3sYIArjKnOUOBXfEwFr4WO OC1amtDe2gKrawRB_fz8CFYwggyFexj04DrRhBwowoyyN-44m_hBCeq_McH1EcEwEybGXLZ5UTxbB6JEjoiaF5ne8iHHvqJH 4/s1600/PA_female_01.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLLX75Fd_Lu3TD9PJzTAaUGG-yS6_d-Xku27iqm2ydPpDbnBibQAVHMCoJ7DPOFGejnYS8AeQdG9-VmFg9fKKoBK1E0qAGDh7g9Y0TV-Qx5V0rzmKZj-AI4PN3VCJBhlW_PGA_6jyjhbo/s1600/BengalSwiftF-KSK.jpg

[Psyche]

14. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197521787
female Telicota either T. colon or besta.

Female T. linna.
UpF cellend twin orange bars rather short;
Unh band the veins not dark-dusted.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9SqQx_qbrsZ8IrT0wSwQeW1sdfzF7-PPOb810npz_Eyd4kLiEPINFUABpi5RK6-TLoZdE0mjKob6tLnIZzH-QFt3uVa7XPzfEmqK1UIHWaLwGEpPDAcDaUoAEKyNWR55uXFOiP ayuffM/s1600/TL_female_up_01.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bTIB_W6RbyE/VgOgqtZcDOI/AAAAAAAAOQQ/2ZFimj3_zfc/s1600/Telicota-linna-F-Horace-Tan.jpg

Female T. bambusae.
UpF cellend bars both long.
Unh band veins weakly dark or none.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Dark_Palm_Dart_Telicota_bambusae_UNID_by_Dr._Raju_ Kasambe_DSCN1789_%286%29.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/622_72091-322-5f911ebfcad7b-1.jpg



In the next four species ,the female have the uuper cellend bar about twice as long as the lower.

a. Female T. ohara.
UnH band inner margin only shallowly notched at the upper end.
https://alchetron.com/cdn/telicota-0cf86013-da40-427e-96cc-ba736d190e1-resize-750.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Telicota-ohara-1.jpg
Male.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UXgOiYLjRdE/VKqv1fAR_pI/AAAAAAAATSQ/w63Sj3S73MM/s1600/DSC_0008.JPG

b. female T. augias.
The wings are more orangey than other species .
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/31525138/large.jpg

c. female T. colon.
FW postdiscal spots 4 5 are somewhat distorted, trapezoid, or notched & with lesser overlap.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/51392397/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/30693801/large.jpeg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/djwalker-nl/48032778967/in/photostream/
Vietnam.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oK76RoQgG7U/Vi6iI06JxYI/AAAAAAAAHIU/MFkKuLjjSLs/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/023.jpg

d. Female T. besta. to colon, but FW spots 4 & 5 more uniform rectangles & aligned.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhUDTvZXfxubU14uMCqQlrpvo_N1XrSq2vFqo-1C2b4AyYsdUeS-OnJdMcsRUV0YQc_V4xXSYMHQKaVuPJO7dwS_74CNVwVTHHJ_wa oInoDS4MVyJps7BA0deVCrADKZCaWYZ5demYxAsk/s1600/TB_adult_female_up_01.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXpYDS6ZwVpi2IQT7-JwcC5t8c3Tg4B6sbuGljAG8lSJhQR4RM50aPUngxk3GKMow_rm Y3G_1dKQkFVQy0RNs95TCyXqH4U6Ps6ONG7cuV0RwYchoaZ4hD ngBf4dQRUQm778riXh2hMwve/s1600/TB_adult_female_03+(2).jpg

[Psyche]

15. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197521762

Male Euploea core graminifera.
Luckily the FW is raised high enough to reveal the large oval spot in space 2.

Euploea core.
FW with a thin brand in space 1b.
FW subapical spots smaller & well separated.
UnF with a spot in space 2 which is relatively large & oval.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30580030.html

Euploe crameri
UpF with the subapical spots in space 4 & 5 large so the spots are nearly contiguous.
Unf with a small spot in space 2 which is rounded or absent.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30520010.html



16. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197184899

Female Pelopidas mathias.
This is fairly typical.
Note spot in HW cell & strong grey tinge of the wings.

[Psyche]

17. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197184884

Either E. doubledayi or eyndhovii. Probably E. doubledayi.
It is near impossible to separate the two species based on the underside markings.
E. doubledayi is distinctly larger, being slightly larger than E. mulciber.


E. doubledayi larger FW 50-55 mm.
Male UpF with a dark blue sheen. Female UpF with some discal spots.
https://malaysiabutterflies.myspecies.info/category/nymphalidae/nymphalidae/euploea/euploea-doubledayi-subspecies-evalida
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30640010.html

eyndhovii. Smaller, FW 45-55 mm.
Male UpF dark velvety brown; Female UpF unmarked.
UnH more often with larger white discal spots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30660010.html
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTP9cX9dcLX4WyXkRZEFaaMSD7j6w03Gt6Iu3m-4LfYVnkJ4RL841jPme-OSdws56oBKfrEWD-5lSvYY6lcWUChc6O9iCRjxd-lG2SYE_LEG1k2_SOGYUqn7MHrNnhBNjb00Avn754_PQT/s1600/StripedBC-BobCheong2.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgneTU7JuHO2ZcnFF5QoMHGYZ98M5hOjD863I5CBtBbgi 5v49K3mOd1siylR61xKPgmQZSpz78A2_ZXPRtlrTMtL2j8bVLd m3WuUxiUZIlxqJiTF8RKg-iiimujTnf-o2SudPsV9uCLbsrR/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/StripedBC-KSK4.jpg


18. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197160071

Probably correct as Notocrypta clavata.
In this species the UnF white band run to the costal margin broadly, & FW spot 4 is rarely present.
Here the UnF white band seem to taper slightly at the margin, but variation occurs.
https://www.pamsbutterflies.com/butterfly/978/notocrypta-clavata-clavata
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Notocrypta_clavata#/media/File:Notocrypta_clavata_theba_(Evans,1949)_(156234 33394).jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Notocrypta-clavata.jpg


N. paralysos.Wband not reaching costa broadly; almost always with spot 4.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGZsLqBzt1eQ7i4sAWBB77hoT6hQtJUf0K1Byx8Ttdta Wt4z2OSPn3ixJqVMlkHJK1nWe0RKJqyoDy7UxlautdDCO1BLqi ii8JRRL2Wu-bMSgbTydimaXkCgJqQ610tN_wV_CldmRj9iLp/s1600/BD_adult_01.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Notocrypta%20paralysos%20varians/Banded%20Demon%20-%20Henry%20Koh.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

1.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198051521

There appear to be two species & perhaps several individuals.

Pix 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6 appear to be Euploea doubledayi .(Probably E. doubledayi occur in Penang after all.)
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981433/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981435/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981434/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981436/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981438/large.jpeg

The 2nd pic here shows a narrow brand & the HW with longer stripe-like spots.
The dull blue-black FW sheen indicate it should be E. doubledayii.
The UpF of E. eyndhovii is dark brown.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30640010.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30660010.html


Pix 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, & 11.should be Euploea algea.
The HW submarginal spots are shorter bars, longest at the tornus & tapers upwards.
The upperside have a deep dark blue brilliance.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30600010.html
The male brand is broad & long.
https://www.reddit.com/r/Butterflies/comments/oku18m/euploea_algea_malaysia/
https://eol.org/pages/46799999

Other similar species have the HW submarginal spots more uniform in size.

https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30500001.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30760010.html

Dr Seow, Thanks for all the detailed ids. Appreciate it

For #1 Euploea, I believe all the photos are of the same butterfly which I spotted outside a shopping mall - where four of these ficus-looking trees (I dont know how to id tree) are planted. The butterfly would fly off and then land on another part of the tree or another tree when I approached too close. All photos were still shots of videos that I took - all within 10 minutes.I did not see another Euploea or other butterfly when I was there that I am aware of.

[Psyche]

Dr Seow, Thanks for all the detailed ids. Appreciate it

For #1 Euploea, I believe all the photos are of the same butterfly which I spotted outside a shopping mall - where four of these ficus-looking trees (I dont know how to id tree) are planted. The butterfly would fly off and then land on another part of the tree or another tree when I approached too close. All photos were still shots of videos that I took - all within 10 minutes.I did not see another Euploea or other butterfly when I was there that I am aware of.


I am afraid there have to be two species.
You cannot reconcile the underside shot of Pic 1 with the upperside shot of Pic 3.
The shape of the HW submarginal spots are too different.

Pic 1.https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981326/large.jpeg
Matching images .Male from Ranong.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30600010.html
Male with broad long brand.
S. Vietnam.
https://insecta.pro/images/1024/27884.jpg
P. Malaysia.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/261184675/large.jpeg


Pic 3. https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/348981435/large.jpeg
Matching images. Longer HW submarginal stripes.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/dan/30640010.html.
The thin male brand on the FW is that of eyndhovii/doubledayi.
eg E. eyndhovii.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTP9cX9dcLX4WyXkRZEFaaMSD7j6w03Gt6Iu3m-4LfYVnkJ4RL841jPme-OSdws56oBKfrEWD-5lSvYY6lcWUChc6O9iCRjxd-lG2SYE_LEG1k2_SOGYUqn7MHrNnhBNjb00Avn754_PQT/s1600/StripedBC-BobCheong2.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

Thanks again Dr Seow for all the ids. Noted your feedback on the #1 photos. I will review the photos closely and go through my videos. Perhaps go back to site location. Cheers from Penang, SLL Liew