ID Requests - June 15, 2024

[SL Liew]

Hi Dr. Seow,
Requesting your help to id these observations. Thank you.

I am getting myself confused at Dacalana vidura vs Dacalana sinhara. Can please confirm which species are below observations.

#1 Dacalana? Perlis State Park, June 12, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426034

#2 Dacalana? Perlis State Park, June 12, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426031

#3 Dacalana? Perlis State Park, May 29, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/219275529

#4 Dacalana? Penang Botanic Gardens, Feb 7, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198633055

#5 Dacalana? Penang Botanic Gardens, May 12, 2023
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/150918844

==========================

#6 Skipper? Perlis State Park, June 12, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426061

#7 Skipper? Perlis State Park, June 12, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426053

#8 Skipper? Hutan Lipur Ulu Licin, near Beruas, Perak - June 10, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221953498

#9 Skipper? Hutan Lipur Ulu Licin, near Beruas, Perak - June 10, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221848260

#10 Skipper? Hutan Lipur Ulu Licin, near Beruas, Perak - June 10, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221848259

#11 Skipper? Penang Botanic Gardens - June 8, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221298105

#12 Arhopala? Perlis State Park - June 12, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222679086

#13 Arhopala? Perlis State Park - June 12, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426039

Cheers from Penang, SL Liew

[Psyche]

The two Dacalana species are very confusingly similar.

In Dacalana sinhara we have to stick to ssp sinhara.
Further north in Thailand the orange patch becomes smaller & the species becomes more confusing.
28539

1. Dacalana sinhara sinhara.
UnH orange patch obliterating (wiping out) most of the black striae above it in space 1b & 2.
In space 1b there is a small patch of orange demarcated by a sinuous black line (cutting into the white band) in vidura.
This black line is mostly erased.
D. sinhara is a very rare species.
Confirmed examples.
Selangor. Note black striae edging orange patch mostly absent.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/180109969
Sabah.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/129381730
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178522586
Penang . Although blurry there is no indication of the prominent black stria in space 1b.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/115302188


2. Dacalana vidura azyada
UnH with the black striae on the edge of the orange patch intact, in particular in space 1b, where it is usually strong.
D. vidura azyada is considered a fairly common species.
Typical examples.
Sabah.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/33794105
Selangor.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178189269
Sarawak.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178753032
N.S. female.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101684085



#1.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426034
Blurry pic.The black striae around the edge of the orange patch is intact. So likely to be D. vidura.

#2. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426031
There are examples of both D. vidura & sinhara where the black striae are practically obsolete, as here.
Perhaps D. sinhara judging from the large diffuse orange patch.

#3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/219275529
Dacalana vidura azyada.

#4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/198633055
Typical D. vidura azyada.

#5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/150918844
Typical D. vidura azyada.


Saito & Inayoshi (author of the Yukata website)2022 have revised & raise the taxon azyada as a full species.
This leaves D, vidura in Java ,& D. azyada in Sumatra, Borneo, Malaya & Thailand.

I leave the name as D. vidura azyada as that is what is in the inaturalist databank.
There is no penalty for retaining the old nomenclature.
If the change is validly endorsed by other authors, at risk is being called outdated.

[Psyche]

#6.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426061
Parnara bada.
Small skipper with short antennae.
UnH spots variable , Here in SE Asia, typically small spots in a zigzag row.
A HW cellend spot may be present.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-r10tmE1ODKA/UPa4h8TT-8I/AAAAAAAAIw0/fRcHm9s-F9M/s1600/LKW+2009+parnara+bada.jpg


#7.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426053
Lotongus calathus.
UnH edged white.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92200001.html



#8.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221953498
Potanthus mingo.
Abdominal end black -banded; darker underside.

Of the small Potanthus species,(FW-12-13mm) 3 ie P. omaha, ganda & confucius have the abdominal end yellow.

Two have abdominal end dark 0r black banded.
P. mingo
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tFtROXZYiZI/W_ErxDkE91I/AAAAAAAAUA0/vigPklu01Zk8ED1PVNUUuA9YRNAfy41dQCLcBGAs/s1600/HFH_3107%2BPotanthus%2Bmingo.JPG
P. juno FW subapical spots reduced usually two.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eLxO6Cqrl-k/Tv3BPqqdcTI/AAAAAAAAFIw/5qD_fJxEnpw/s400/DSC3668%2BSkipper%2B%2540%2BBukit%2BBrown.jpg



#9.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221848260
#10. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221848259

Both male Baoris farri.
Antennae without pale area.
UnH unspotted; raised veins prominent.
Both images are fullspotted.

Baoris oceia & penicillata have reduced spots.

Baoris farri male is often full-spotted.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baoris_farri_-_Complete_Paint-brush_Swift_10.jpg
https://odonata.ncbs.res.in/sites/default/files/observation/Baoris%20farri_1683629272_243405.jpg
https://odonata.ncbs.res.in/sites/default/files/observation/Baoris%20farri_1683629272_243406.jpg



#11.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221298105
Too blur for proper id.
antennal club white.
Closest match.
https://nlliew66butterflies.blogspot.com/2019/10/zographetus-kutu-eliot-1959.html

[Psyche]

#12. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222679086
#12.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222679086
Very likely Arhopala moolaiana.

Normally this would be too blur to id, but there is a tornal white dot.
Two similar species.

Arhpala moolaiana.
UpF border a thread.
Underside with broader marking & a fat V spot.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/arhopala-moolaiana/

Arhopala norda.
UpF with broad border.
UnH with narrower markings & a narrower V spot.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/arhopala-moolaiana/arhopala-norda/



#13.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426039
Alea subgroup.
Probably Arhopala selta.

HW spot 6 large & overlaps cellend bar widely, FW postdiscal band wide.
A. selta.
https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/51005563295_fbe074dc5b_b.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/arhopala-selta/

A. phaenops is similar but HW spot 6 overlaps the cellend bar slightly & is far from spot 5.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/arhopala-phaenops/


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

Read and re-read through thoroughly your informative id feedback. Appreciate it very much.
Cheers, SL Liew