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10 Attachment(s)
Hi Doctor Seow,
Today's outing brought me low skippers but high number of lascars, pantoporia specifically. I attach inat links once again to ensure quality and clarity.
1 - P.sandaka? i note the submarginal grey band isnt very thick
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/134397320
Attachment 27981Attachment 27982
2 - P.sandaka also?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/134398046
Attachment 27983Attachment 27984
3 - P.sandaka also? The wings are folded and ive only got this shot
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/134397335
Attachment 27987
4 - P.hordonia? The submarginal line is much thicker in this one compare to the above two. Inat link has more photo than the ones here, which after downsizing is somewhat blurry on computer end
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/134397329
Attachment 27985Attachment 27986
5 - borbo cinnara, no hindwing cellspot
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/134397353
Attachment 27988
6 - p.lubricans? i notice yellow forewing spots but seems a bit wear and tear
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/134397318
Attachment 27989Attachment 27990
With regards
Zicky
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Post 81.
5 Borbo cinnara. Note also thick antennal club.
6. Polytremis lubricans male .Note also rough scalings & antenna.
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1 Attachment(s)
Pantoporia in Singapore.
All five species were recorded in the past in Singapore.
Two, P. aurelia & dindinga are likely extinct.
P. paraka have grey -orange FW submarginal bands .
The other two P. hordonia & sandaka have been widely confused throughout their range.
Both have an orange FW submarginal band and a grey one inner to it.
The FW postdiscal spot in space 2 is large with a 'foot' along the lower margin )dorsum)
The foot is exceptionally latge & long in the male P. sandaka.
Females of both species do not have an extended foot.
Attachment 27991
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1 Attachment(s)
Pantoporia hordonia hordonia.
The status of P. hordonia is uncertain in Singapore.
Possibly it has become extinct, its genes mixed into some population of P. sandaka.
P. hordonia hordonia.
FW grey submarginal band wider thanthe orange band typically 2X wider, unbroken & continuous.
FW orange submarginal band tend to fade at the apex, particularly in the female.Often the orange band is broken or near obsolete.
Male foot of the postdiscal band small.
Typical males. P. Malaysia.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-6TIVtGI_ok...0/DSC_0229.JPG
https://alchetron.com/cdn/pantoporia...esize-750.jpeg
https://a4.pbase.com/g4/25/686825/2/...1.bMw5eaEm.jpg
Females.
P. Malaysia.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UsULpFSI_...0/DSC_2572.JPG
Female P. Malaysia from C&P4.
Attachment 27992
Thailand.
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/0a/f2...fd389661b5.jpg
Cambodia.
https://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/lif...rdonia-1xu.jpg
Java.
https://s3.amazonaws.com/media.jungl...llOUX2YXdTg%3D
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1 Attachment(s)
Pantoporia sandaka sandaka.
FW with the orange band intact & prominent.
The grey band is is much reduced, broken or beaded in the male.
Male with a large foot to the postdiscal spot.
Female is rather variable.
FW submarginal band usually expanded at the apex.
Grey band may be broken, but can be prominent.
Typical males.
P.Malaysia.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c8rXTibfeq...0/DSC_0137.JPG
Singapore.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uNRH3neo0...ascar-Fed3.jpg
https://farm2.staticflickr.com/1187/...dbdb16cd75.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...2610/large.jpg
Females.
With the grey band broken or narrow as in the male.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...erick%20Ho.jpg
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/i...wsiRg&usqp=CAU
More often the grey band is wider, causing a lot of confusion with P. hordonia.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0EK80AsaR7...Lascar@MNT.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photo...278/large.jpeg
Female specimen(Singapore) in Natural History Museum Uk.
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/i...fMpoo&usqp=CAU
Female (P. Malaysia) from C&P4.
Attachment 27993
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1, 2, & 3 are typical male Pantoporia sandaka sandaka.
Note in 3 the closeness of the submarginal orange band to the other spots & the long 'foot'.
4. In the past I would have quickly conclude this typical P. hordonia based on the wide grey band.
Consider the following facts.
1. There are a dozen or so identifiable male P. sandaka , but not a single male specimen of P. hordonia have been observed I believed for more than 20 years.
The last recognisable P. hordonia males appear to be these two.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-eHnx5jNOl...ascar-KSK5.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oiSX3-kyP...ascar-KSK4.jpg
The identification of the species is based on the male.
Without a single observation of a confirmed male P. hordonia, 4 is likely to be a female P. sandaka.
Note the orange band does not fade out at the apex.
TL Seow; Cheers.
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1 Attachment(s)
Additional note.
The male of P. sandaka have a large white speculum ( a patch of specialised scales) on the HW.
This is largely hidden at rest.
It is sometimes seen as a white highlight indicating its lower margin.
Attachment 27994
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c8rXTibfeq...0/DSC_0137.JPG
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uNRH3neo0...ascar-Fed3.jpg
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Thank you so much doctor Seow for such a insightful explanation! Words cannot express the feeling i have now but i find it extremely helpful! But this eans i still have to keep looking for p.hordonia somewhere in SG
Regards
Zicky
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7 Attachment(s)
Dear Doctor Seow,
i have return with the classic skipper ID, which today i am confident of the one i require help with. Please correct any mistake shall you spot any
1 - p.omaha
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135350918
Attachment 28007Attachment 28008
2 - p.lubricans, but seems very yellowish brown
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135350953
Attachment 28009Attachment 28010
3 - t.colon. I decided t.colon base on forewing space 4 and 5. The colour seems deeper than the usual, but i concluded it is simply a worn out individual
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135350954
Attachment 28011Attachment 28012Attachment 28013
Skipping regards!
Zicky
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Dear Doctor Seow,
My friend here has shot this skipper at pulau ubin, which is in a quite worned out condition. My initial ID is Zographetus doxus, ID from the white antenna and ground colour of the wings of the skipper itself. However, i discovered that there are other species that look alike, namely the Zographetus ogygia. I think it could very well be said for a range of species of skipper however.
I kindly request to hear your second opinion of this observation, and i dropped the inaturalist link below since i do not have the photo. All credits goes to Yu Fei who shot this photo.
Inat observation - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/136746438
Skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 92.
Worn examples are always difficult.
Three species were previously recorded in Singapore.
Zographetus doxus.
Underside ground ocnhreous to chestnut brown.
Male antenna with smaller white area.
UnH with a yellowish discal area and the veins darken.
Marginal band sharper & HW dark cellspot always prominent.
Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...D_adult_12.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...nny%20Chir.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...erry%20Ong.jpg
Female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...Bene%20Tay.jpg
Zographetus ogygia.
UnH ground colour golden brown to red brown.
Male antenna with larger white area.
UnH uniformly red brown , veins hardly dark & marginal band obscure. HW dark cellspot weak or absent.
Males.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GFVEOFh60...-HoraceTan.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterfl...phetus-ogygia/
Female.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kryJ8yvgA...ygia-KohCH.jpg
Z. rama
UnH brown, unmarked or obscurely spotted. Presumably extinct.
This image should be male Zographetus doxus.
Salient features.
HW with a yellowish area. This can not be due to wear alone as it is in the correct place.
The veins are strongly darken.
There is indication of a HW dark border.
The antennal white area is relatively small.
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Thank you Doctor Seow!
Skipping regards
Zicky
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4 Attachment(s)
Dear Doctor Seow,
I got a few skippers here, but they werent cooperative and flew away after one shot or so. I would wish to get a second opinion from you about their identities as such, however.
1 - P.mathias? I am not super sure how to differentiate Pelopidas assamensis from the rest, seeing as this individual was a bit larger, but not too the point i would call it a out of norm large
Inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137002374
Attachment 28025
2 - P.omaha?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137002365
Attachment 28026Attachment 28027
3 - another p.omaha? Appears to have a visible abdominal black band however
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137002354
Attachment 28028
Skipper activity has fallen significantly from the areas i frequent lately - got to change some family soon
Skipping regards
zicky
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Dear Doctor Seow,
Another few additions i require some help with. Unfortunately my laptop has spoilt so i cant downsie effectively on phone without having the photo looking like puzzle pieces, so ill include the inat links only this time! Apologies for any inconvenience caused.
1 - Telicota besta?
inat link -https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137124720
2 - P.omaha? Was shot against the sun, colours are a bit darken
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137124722
3 - P.mathias/agna? I dont think its borbo cinnara despite the cell spot is missing-i feel like the spot has been rubbed off
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137124724
4 - borbo cinnara? Feel like the spots are more align compared to pelopidas
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137124725
5 - P.conjunctus?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137124728
Thank in advance!
Skipping regards
Zicky
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1 Attachment(s)
Post 96.
1, https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137124720
Male Telicota besta; HW veins raised & dar-lined; Underparts not paler.
2. Male Potanthus omaha.
Abdominal end yellow (basal black line stronger than usual.) Veins darken.
3 Male Parnara bada.
4. Male Borbo cinnara.
Parnara bada.
Short antenna with thick club.
FW no cellspot.
FW subapical spots nearly in a straight line, lower spots 6 & 7 always so.
HWsometimes with a diffuse cellend spot.
HW postdiscal spots very variable, may be much reduced as here.
Singapore examples.
https://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d...2011--0379.jpg
http://static.inaturalist.org/photos/2464963/large.jpg
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html
Pelopidas.
HW with a cellspot near the base of vein 6.
FW 2 cellspot.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2zX05Bzip...Horace-Tan.jpg
Borbo cinnara
FW with 0 - 2 cellspots.
FW subapical spots in a neater arc.
Antennal club thicker than in Pelopidas.
HW without cellspot.
HW typically with spots in space 2, 3, & 6. Additional spots may be present in spaces 4 & 5.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jMZu5Yy4Y...ederick_01.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-w--ngH74-..._flower_01.jpg
Attachment 28030
5. Male Caltoris philippina.
HW without any spot; sharp narrow FW; black antenna ;greenish ochreous scalings.
TL Seow: Cheers.
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3 Attachment(s)
Hi Doctor Seow,
I have shot this lassipa but is unable to check if its a Malayan or a Burmese lascar, i would like to clarify. This is my first observation of it feeding on biden pilosa/alba, which i personally have never seen a forest species lured by a urban garden flower before!
L.tiga?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137609286
Attachment 28032Attachment 28033Attachment 28034
Skipping regards!
Zicky
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1 Attachment(s)
Post 98.
Lasippa tiga male.
Attachment 28035
L tiga ;FW submarginal spot 3 2X wider than spot 4 in both sexes. (View horizontally)
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check..._Horace_01.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/_rzo8wjfyC...HenryKoh_c.jpg
L. heliodore. FW submarginal spot 3 & 4 of equal width in male; in female spot 3 is 1.5X wider (View horizontally).
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...race%20Tan.jpg
Female.
https://www.singapore.biodiversity.o...f7be618cca.jpg
Female on the right.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...20-%20Loke.jpg
Biden pilosa is a worldwide weed from S. America.
TL Seow:Cheers.
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Thank you Doctor Seow for the insightful diagram!
I understand Biden Pilosa is a invasive plant worldwide but i find that butterfly find the flowers very attractive, even if they arent from the native range. Similarly, lassipa and pantoporia dont seem to come out or feed on flower nectar that often. So i find this observation rather interesting.
Regards
Zicky
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16 Attachment(s)
Dear Doctor Seow,
some extensive photos today, and i've included inat pics for clearer definition. Its been a while since i ID skipper, so ill like to revisit basics, and i tried to ID them
1 - T.besta
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366715
Attachment 28055Attachment 28056
2 - P.serina? i noted the space 4 and 5, but it isnt as big as the typical p.serina
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366707
Attachment 28043Attachment 28044
3 - Potanthus trachala
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366712
Attachment 28045Attachment 28046
4 - Potanthus, really stuck on this one
inat link-https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366714
Attachment 28057Attachment 28058
5 - caltoris.cormasa? faded but i think distinctive
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366699
Attachment 28047Attachment 28048
6 - Lassipa.tiga? I noted the "tongue area" on the forewing
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366952
Attachment 28049Attachment 28050
The below photo is a assorted allotinus i have shot. While allotinus unicolor is the only surviving one, i do note we have at ;east 6 species, with 5 being extinct. So i would like to seek some general ID guide
1 - Allotinus 1
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366696
Attachment 28051
2 - allotinus 2
inat link-https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366703
Attachment 28052Attachment 28053
3 - a faded allotinus 3
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138366704
Attachment 28054
Skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 101.
1. Telicota linna male.
HW veins are not raised & hardly darken (mostly due to wear.
HW ground colour dark shaded.; abdomen paler
T. linna males.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-79Gj7N-1G...TL_male_01.jpg
https://alchetron.com/cdn/telicota-6...resize-750.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...9958/large.jpg
T. besta males. HW veins raised & lightly darken; Ground colour barely ddusky.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1rRXJdPYor...ed_male_01.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UaQyq4Qv0D...B_adult_01.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-EcRIOq2iv...t_male_-04.jpg
2. P serina male; FW spot 4 is 2X larger than spot 5.Abdominal end black-banded.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...rina-Bobby.jpg
3.Potanthus trachala male FW spot 4 & 5 without overlapping the other spots.Abdominal end black-banded.
4.Potanthus omaha female ; Abdominal end yellow; Veins lightly dark; dull colour.
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Post 101.
5. Caltoris malaya male.
pale area on antenna weak.
Spots reduced ; no FW cellspot.
More uniform between FW & HW colour. In C. cormasa HW is often much deeper in colour.
C. malaya male.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sEtiy2_aX...M_adult_02.jpg
6. Lasippa tiga male.
The tongue spot have an accuracy of about 70 %.
The submarginal spots are merged into a continuous band hre.
Note in space 3, it is 2X wider than the rest of the band above it.
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1 Attachment(s)
Post 101.
7. All three are Allotinus unicolor female.
A 2nd species common in P. Malaysia may still exist perhaps in P. Ubin or Tekong.
This is A. horsfieldi.
A. uniclor HW postdiscal spot 6 large rounded & set inside of spot 7.
FW postdiscal spots not dislocated.
Male & female.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...2145/large.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...llen%20Tan.jpg
Allotinus horsfieldi.
Ground colour light buff & markings pale brown.
FW postdiscal spots dislocated in the middle.
HW spot 6 oblong or curved tuck under spot 7.
Female with broad-based teeth on the HW.
Male & female.
https://a4.pbase.com/o6/25/686825/1/...onleogoron.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...-permagnus.jpg
Attachment 28059
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Thank you for the detailed explanation doctor Seow! was feeling confident about the c.cormasa and t.besta but opps!
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Hi Doctor Seow,
i have one skipper i shot at lornie PCN would like a opinion of, i notice there isnt a cellspot and the hindwing dot arrangement is kind of in a arc
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/140488062
Thinking of borbo cinnara, would that be right?
skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 106.
This is a typical male Borbo cinnara.
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Hi Doctor Seow,
I have a couple of skippers, and i require some opinions. The phone photo quality is unusable after downgrading so i will use inat links.
1 - pelopidas species
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/140859028
I notice the subapical spot isnt really like a arc in borbo cinnara, so i decided it is a pelopidas, yet there isnt a cell spot. would like some opinions
2 - caltoris cormasa?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/140859022
skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 108.
1, Male Borbo cinnara.
Just the fact that the HW postdiscal spots are in space 2, 3, & 6 plus the lack of a HW cellspot is a certainty this is B. cinnara.
The three subapical spots are in an arc (ie a semicircle or curve).
Compare the three males.
Borbo cinnara.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jMZu5Yy4Y...ederick_01.jpg
Pelopidas mathias.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NQjrfm7_w...enedict_01.jpg
Parnara bada. Subapical spots 6 & 7 in line, spot 8 slightly off or absent.
https://d29tlldvxtis6c.cloudfront.ne...nswift8393.jpg
2. Likely Caltoris bromus male.
Subapical spots two, rounded.
FW & HW of similar tone.
Compare male Caltoris cormasa.
FW subapical spots often three & small.
HW darker & deeper with dark mottling, than the FW.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TjKxWVHrQ...herHern_01.jpg
http://www.natureloveyou.sg/Minibeas...035%20(20).jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-I3Q8EsOFI...enjamin_01.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c7t4k7FNWt...%2Bcormasa.jpg
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Dear Doctor Seow,
Ive shot this skipper at sembawang, which seems faded and i have a hunch is a pelopidas species, would like some opinions. I included various open wing and close wing shot in the inat link
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/141510935
Skipping regards
Zicky
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1 Attachment(s)
Post 110.
Pelopidas agna male.
You are right it is Pelopidas even though the HW cellspot is absent.
There are faint small spots in HW space 2, 3, 4, & 6.
On the underside FW spot 2 is rectangular, & there is a black line running from it obliquely down.
This is brand mark only seen in Pelopidas. (the brand is actually on the upperside.)
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...0875/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...0922/large.jpg
Pelopidas male FW underside.
Attachment 28105
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...9391/large.jpg
There are examples of P. mathias & agna without the HW cellspot.
P. mathias male.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...4101/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...8838/large.jpg
P. agna male.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...8449/large.jpg
Borbo cinnara can look similar.
HW spots 2 ,3, & 6 always large; FW subapical spots set in a deeper arc; antennal club thicker.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jMZu5Yy4Y...ederick_01.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check..._female_01.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KaVjdL_FAM...lt_Khew_01.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photo...984/large.jpeg
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Dear Doctor Seow,
Before i started using this forum account, i shot before a glassy tiger at pulau ubin, which i feel like didnt seem like the usual dark glassy or blue glassy tiger. I would like to hear ur opinion. Ive only got one phone photo, and they are too fast for the cameras. Given it was at ubin, i was thinking it could be something unusual, it feels like a Ideopsis similis, but also feels too patchy? I would like to hear your valued input
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/142430461
Skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 112.
You found a new species for Singapore.
Ideopsis similis persimilis.
The name Blue Glassy Tiger was originally given for this species.
It used to range over most of India to S. E. Asia mainland.
Even 20 years ago it have made its way south to Selangor in P. Malaysia.
It seems a matter of time before it reaches Singapore.
It is a larger species with larger & more rounded blue spots.
It looks spectacular in the sun ,being large & bright blue, unlike I. vulgaris which is duskier.
H. K.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...4034/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...084/medium.JPG
Thailand.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...-similis-1.jpg
K. L. 2018.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...447/large.jpeg
Ideopsis vulgaris macrina for comparison.
http://www.fotowinti.ch/Schmetterlin...acrina%203.JPG
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/_rzo8wjfyC...T_adult_01.jpg
TL Seow: Cheers.
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WOOHOO!!!!!! Thanks Doctor Seow!!
Skipping regards
Zicky
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Hi Doctor Seow,
I have a couple of skippers again, which i would like to give a try
1 - Parnara species? Or borbo cinnara, i note the forewing submarginal spots seems to be in a straight line
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/142898458
2 - Polytremis lubricans
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/142898456
3 - caltoris species?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/142898838
4 - i suppose its also a caltoris, but its a one shot wonder, or pemera?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/142898845
5 - another caltoris?
inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/142668961
Skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 115.
1. Parnara bada. Note also short antenna with thick club.
2. Polytremis lubricans. Note colour & shape of HW spot 4.
3. Probably Pe;opidas conjunctus male. Variant with reduced spots.
There is a HW cellspot; in the correct spot ,so can not be an artifact ie injury mark, etc.
Deep brown colour suggest P. conjunctus.
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.fil...2468f1860b.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FvDO3Lfw_...lt_Khew_03.jpg
4.Uncertain. The shape is as in Caltoris philippina but the colour is wrong & there is an upper cellspot.
C. philippina male.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dUpUIge8A...ld_male_01.jpg
Could it be another Caltoris. No other have this narrow shape.
Could it be Baoris . Never seen one so distorted.
Baoris farri male.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/itchydogimages/7863317448
5. Probaly Caltoris bromus female.
C. cormasa always have the subapical spots small.
FW & HW of the same colour tone.
Female C. bromus.
http://woxiong.butterfly-photo.com/d...e.php?pid=1261
C. cormasa female.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2caxXSexYr...0/DSC_0108.JPG
TL Seow: Cheers.
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1 Attachment(s)
Dear Doctor Seow,
I kindly request this identification for what i suspect is Zographetus species, Zographetus ogygia. The photo credit goes to Nicholas, with his remarkable and outstanding photography.
links - https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid...18814794224471
https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid...18814794224471
Attachment 28131
just in case the link fails
Here are two links to observe the butterfly
Skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 117.
When it becomes very worn as here the appearance can be confusing.
Although the HW have a reddish tone the overall markings are closer to Z. doxus.
I would put it this is more likely to be Z. doxus male.
Z. doxus generally ochreous although it can be reddish.
HW with a yellow discal area.
HW brown border more defined.
Veins in the outer zone strongly darken.
Reddish males.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...2981/large.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mSeLOW7gr...Y_DSC_7230.jpg
Typical males.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...nny%20Chir.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...593/large.jpeg
Females.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...Bene%20Tay.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...603/large.jpeg
Z. ogygia.
HYW more uniform redbrown to golden brown.
Veins hardly darken.
No yellow area, & brown border diffuse.
Males.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...412/large.jpeg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photo...631/large.jpeg
Females.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kryJ8yvgA...ygia-KohCH.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...295/large.jpeg
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Dear Doctor Seow,
I was scrolling through forums and was reading the ID features for amathusia species, would this, based on the notched 4th brown bae in between the veins, be a bicolor palm king?
Inat link - https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/143724495
Skipping regards
Zicky
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Post 119.
Yes. This would be Amathusia friderici.
Since it feeds on the common oil palm it is not rare in P. Ubin.
The other species of Amathusia are very similar & difficult to separate..
A. binghami looks very similar ,the median band is broad & more reddish. The upperside with more dusky orange markings.
https://www.pbase.com/lcgoh/image/155684525
A. masina is deep reddish brown ,the paler postdiscal band is also solid, without a colour break in the middle of the band.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...9390/large.jpg
Amathusia perakana have the HW 4th band often completely broken , with separated spots.
In addition the male have sharper FWs.
Males.
https://farm1.staticflickr.com/618/2...ac383a60_b.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...a-perakana.jpg
The recent observation from Kent Ridge is definitely not A. phidippus.
https://static.inaturalist.org/photo...502/large.jpeg
It looks like a female A. perakana.
The FW is not sharp as in the male.
However, there are examples of A friderici from Ubin having the HW 4th band very narrow & broken.
So it is uncertain whether this is A.perakana or friderici.
TL Seow: Cheers.
