ID requests - Peninsular Malaysa from RY - Feb 3, 2025

[Psyche]

21. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/205064831
Likely as Dacalana vidura or ugraded as D. azyada.

The three species D. cremera, sinhara & vidura are so similar that there is great confusion in the past.
Thus it is necessary to stick to the key closely.

Dacalana burmana.
Orange patch small Postdiscal spots a series of lunules (crescent moons)
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Da...urmana-burmana
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/223492304

Dacalana cremera.
UnH with an orange band in space 1a edging the black tornal spot.
Note male on the right have an orange band between the black spot and the epecklrd patch.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/257506614

The next two are the most confusing.

Dacalana sinhara.
UnH orange patch large reaching & obliterating the black striae above it.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/180109969
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426031
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222426034
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/69837990
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233218168

Dacalana vidura (or as azyada.)
UnH orange patch smaller, generally confined to space 2,may reach but not obliterating the black striae above it.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/219059777
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196346110
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/150918844
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/37785975

[Psyche]

22.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/194093390

FW subapical spots 6 & 7 aligned towaeds the lower margin (dorsum)
UnH vein 8 appeared as equally scaled orange on both sides.
Three species , P natuna, helena & flavia.
Doubtful if it can go further without the upperside. Correction: P. flavia.

[Psyche]

23. faulty link.

24. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/194263379
Isma ssp.
Too difficult without the upperside but most likely this species because of the frequent long hyaline spots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91990001.html
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/isma-bononia/

25. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/212551814

Curetis santana.

Un ground specked with black dots.
FW oblique band.
UnH postdiscal spot 6 & 7 in line.
Submarginal spots out of lie.
eg Singapore.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...lt_Loke_01.jpg


C. felderi palpi white unspotted.
UnH postdiscal spot 6 & 7 not in line.
Likewise submarginal spot 6 & 7 out of line.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc3/84080001.html
This example from Brunei shows it well but the markings are exaggerated.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cureti...riMUpUnAc1.jpg

[Psyche]

22.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/194093390

"FW subapical spots 6 & 7 aligned towaeds the lower margin (dorsum)
UnH vein 8 appeared as equally scaled orange on both sides.
Three species , P natuna, helena & flavia.
Doubtful if it can go further without the upperside."

ID. Pyroneura flavia.
UnF without an opalescent streak in space 5.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterfl...oneura-flavia/


Both P. helena & natuna have an opalescent streak in UnF space 5.

P. helena.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterfl...oneura-helena/

P. natuna. Raub Pahang.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...0/DSC_0207.JPG

[Psyche]

28.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/194263378

Both A. norda & moolaiana have a white tornal cilial spot.

As A. norda seem to have a narrower 'V' spot and A. moolaiana a fatter one, my preference is A. norda.

https://thaibutterflies.com/project_...enidae/page/9/

[Psyche]

26.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/212551824

female Curetis saronis.
legs banded brownish; Un band parallel to margin.

Both C. tagalica & regula have black/dark grey banded legs.

C. sperthis
The band may not be quite parallel to margin & the ground is speckled with black dots.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...s-sperthis.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterfl...etis-sperthis/

[Psyche]

27.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/212551830

Notocrypta paralysos.
The large spot 4 & the strong step on the outer border of the white band are confirmative.
White shading to the costa is variable.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91600010.html
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...Anthony_01.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...lateral_01.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/108336751

Spot 4 in N. clavata is very rare & vestigial, & the band is more regularly curved on the outer border.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91610001.html

[Psyche]

29.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229697760

Most likely female Parnara bada,

The colouration is rather pale, the face whitish & the antennae short.
There seem to be a single white spot.

P. bada is very variable in spotting.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...288_242458.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parnar...-09-09-001.jpg

Baoris penicilliata is stout-built & dark.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterfl...penicillata-2/

[Psyche]

30. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/256458443

This is either A. norda or moolaiana.
Since the V spot is quite fat I am inclined towards A. moolaiana.



31. Faulty link.



32. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/131677528

curetis bulis.
Note UnH postdiscal spot 6 is tuck inwards of spot 7.
Submarginal spots 6 & 7aligned end to end.
Legs banded orange/brown.
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Cu...bulis-stigmata


TL Seow: Cheers.

[SL Liew]

Dr. Seow,
Thanks so much for your help. I have forewarded all your id to RY. I believe he is very appreciative and thankful of your help and will further his enthusiasm in butterfly observations and identifications.
Cheers, SL Liew